Brazilian Days (296): October 23

Brazilian Days 296

October 23

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DAY OF:

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Dia da Aviação Brasileira

(Brazilian Aviation). This day commemorates the first Brazilian flight in history, realized by Alberto Santos Dumont, at Campo de Bagatelle in Paris on 23 October 1906.

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Dia de Santos Dumont

(Santos Dumont). Alberto Santos Dumont was born on 20 July 1873 in Palmira, Minas Gerais. He was sent to Paris by his father in 1891. Alberto studied physics, chemistry, mechanics, and specialized himself in aeronautics. In 1897, he realized his first experiments with balloons. In 1901, Alberto won the prestigious Deutsch Prize, when he managed to fly in a balloon (Brasil no. 6) for at least one hour, around the Eiffel Tower. On 23 October 1906, he managed to fly with his machine 14-BIS, which he named ‘Oiseau de Proie’ (Bird of Prey) at an altitude of 2 meters, across a distance of 60 meters, witnessed by more than a thousand spectators.In 2006, centenary of this memorable flight, was the Brazilian Santos Dumont Year, as established by law (Lei nº 11.262). Alberto died on 23 July 1932. On 22 September 1959, Alberto was posthumously honored the title Marechal-do-Ar (Air Marshall).

 

SANTOS DUMONT
Santos Dumont O Homem Pode Voar Documentário	Santos Dumont, o inventor do avião.
Biografia – Santos Dumont	Inovação e empreendedorismo de Santos Dumont

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Dia da Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB)

(Brazilian Air Force). The Brazilian Air Force (largest of the Southern Hemisphere and second largest of the Americas) was created on 20 January 1941. As a homage to Alberto Santos Dumont, who was declared patron of the Brazilian Air Force, the Brazilian Air Force Day is held on 23 October. In 2013, more than 77 thousand people work for the FAB. The FAB fleet count more than 750 aircraft.

 

Motto of FAB: “Asas que protegem o país”

Youtube Channel Brazilian Air Force

BRAZILIAN AIR FORCE
FABTV – FAB na História – Década de 40	FAB TV – FAB na História – déc 50 e 60
FAB TV – FAB na História – Década de 70 e 80	FAB TV – Fab na História – Décadas de 90 e 2000

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Dia Nacional do Aviador

(Brazilian Aviator Day). This day was introduced in 1936 (Lei n° 218, 4 July 1936) as a homage to the first flight in history, on 23 October 1906.

BRAZILIAN AVIATOR
Dia do Aviador – Dia da Força Aérea Brasileira	71 ANOS FAB – Conheça a história do Patrono da Força Aérea Brasileira

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Dia do Direito das Mães

(Mother’s Rights)

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1993

Death of Dr. Zerbini, surgeon who performed the first heart transplantation in Brazil.

Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini was born on 7 May 1912 in the city of Garatinguetá (SP). In 1930 Euryclides started to study Medicine in São Paulo. He graduated in 1935. At the age of 29 he was nominated as professor. In 1942, Euryclides performed the first cardiac surgery on a seven-year-old boy. In 1944, he moved to the United States to work at the Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, and at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. With the years, he became more specialized in cardiac surgery. The ‘Zerbini Caravan’ was created, and a surgical team traveled throughout Brazil and various Southern American countries. On 26 May 1968, slightly more than five months after the world’s first heart transplant in Cape Town (3 December 1967), the first heart transplant was performed in Brazil by Dr. Zerbini and his team. João Ferreira da Cunha, nicknamed João Boiadeiro, received the heart of Luis Fernando de Barros. The patient survived 28 days. The success resulted in the creation of InCor, the Heart Institute in São Paulo, one of the largest in the world. In 1969, Dr. Zerbini was nominated professor of Clinical Surgery at FMUSP in São Paulo. At advanced age, he was diagnosed with a brain tumor and died at InCor on 23 October 1993. During his professional life, he had trained more than 400 surgeons from Brazil, Latin America, and few other countries: the Disciples of Zerbini.

   

DR. EURYCLIDES ZERBINI
Dr. Euryclides Zerbini	Primeiro transplante de coração no Brasil
Exposição homenageia o Doutor Zerbini	Exposição sobre o Dr Zerbini no Incor homenageia o pioneiro dos transplantes no Brasil

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1906

Aviation pioneer Alberto Santos Dumont realized a 60 meter flight, at an altitude of 2 meters.

This flight attempt was performed at Campo de Bagatelle in Paris, and witnessed by a large audience.

SANTOS DUMONT
Santos Dumont	Asas da Loucura – Santos Dumont – documentario

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1940

Birth of Édson Arantes do Nascimento, better known as Pelé

Pelé is considered as one of the best soccer players of all time. Edson was born in Três Corações (MG). He started his soccer activities at Bauru Atlético Clube in the state of São Paulo. He became champion with his team in 1954 and 1955. In 1956, he was invited to play in Santos. On 7 September in the same year, Pelé played his first official match: a friendly against Corinthians. The result was 7 to 1, with 2 goals by Pelé. Less than a year later, on 7 July 1957, Pelé (still 16) played his first match for the Brazilian team, against Argentina. He scored one goal. He won with the Brazilian team three world titles: in 1958 (Sweden), 1962 (Chile) and in 1970 (Mexico). Between 1975 and 1977, Pelé played in the team of New York Cosmos. He scored 1281 goals in 1363 matches. He was minister of Sport between 1995 and 1998. Pelé was chosen as athlete and soccer player of the 20th century.

PELÉ
Pelé Compilation – Best Soccer Player	Entrevista de Pelé no Jô Soares

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (292): October 19

Brazilian Days 292

October 19

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Piauí

(State of Piauí). The state of Piauí is located in the northeastern region of Brazil. The state is slightly larger than the United Kingdom and hosts little more than 3 million inhabitants, of which almost 9000 thousand live in the capital, Teresina. Piauí is one of the poorest states of Brazil. The state exports essential oil, soybeans, cotton (products), and cashew. The state hosts a large number of archeological sites and boast to have the largest concentration of rock paintings in the world. The Serra da Capivara National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. See also below.

 

PIAUÍ (PI)
Dia do Piauí	PICOS ESPECIAL PARA O DIA DO PIAUI
Dia do Piauí	Turismo no Piauí
Teresina	Sitios arqueológicos do Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara

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Dia do Guarda Noturno

(Night watch). These uniformed men guard buildings and terrains. They usually occupy a gatehouse, near the main entrance. Normally they do not posses firearms, but they may carry a baton.

 

GUARDA NOTURNO
CÂMERAS DE VIGILÂNCIA NOTURNA DE LONGO ALCANCE	Vigia Noturno

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1901
Successful balloon flight over the Eiffel Tower by Alberto Santos Dumont

Alberto flew with his balloon Santos Dumont 6 a 11 km tour above the Eiffel Tower in Paris. Since Alberto managed to complete this attempt within 30 seconds of the limit, he won the prestigious Deutsch Prize, worth 100 thousand francs. He awarded his team, and the rest of the money was distributed among almost 4000 poor people in Paris.

“Iniciei a construção de um novo balão e novo motor, o numero 6, um pouco mais forte e maior. Três semanas, contadas dia por dia, após o último desastre, meu aparelho, o n.º 6, estava pronto. Em 19 de Outubro (1901), à tarde, pois a manhã foi chuvosa, subi de novo, contornei a Torre, a uma altura de 250 metros, sobre uma enorme multidão que aí estacionava à minha espera, e passei por Autenil, sobre o hipódromo do mesmo nome, que ficava em meu caminho. Havia corridas; a minha passagem, tanto na ida como na volta, despertou um delírio de aplausos; ouvi a gritaria e vi lenços e chapéus arrojados no ar; eu distava da terra apenas de 50 a 100 metros… Da minha saída ao momento em que passei do zênite do ponto de partida, decorreram 29 minutos e 30 segundos. Com a velocidade que levava, passei a linha da chegada – como fazem os yachts, os barcos a petróleo, os cavalos de corridas, etc. – , diminuí a força do motor e virei de bordo; então, voltando, e com menos velocidade, manobrei para tocar a terra, o que fiz em 31 minutos após minha partida. Pois bem, alguns senhores quiseram que fosse esse o tempo oficial! Grandes polêmicas. Tive comigo toda a imprensa e o povo de Paris e também Son Altesse Imperiale le Prince Roland Bonaparte, presidente da Comissão Científica que ia julgar o assunto. O voto me foi favorável. Não se tinham passado dois anos e eram ganhos os cem mil francos do prêmio Deutsch, que, acrescidos aos juros e mais prêmios pequenos, perfazia o total de 129.000 francos, que foram assim destinados: 50.000 francos aos meus mecânicos e operários das usinas que me tinham auxiliado; e o restante a mais de 3.950 pobres de Paris, distribuídos, a pedido meu, pelo Sr. Lepine, Chefe de Polícia, em donativos de menos de 20 francos. Por essa ocasião, o saudoso Sr. Campos Sales, então Presidente da República, enviou-me uma medalha de ouro e, logo, em seguida, fui agradavelmente surpreendido com o recebimento com o prêmio de 100:000$000, que me foi oferecido pelo Congresso Nacional; além destas, duas outras medalhas recebi: uma do Instituto de França, outra do Aero Club de França.”

SANTOS DUMONT
Santos Dumont – O Homem Pode Voar – Documentário	GNT – Wings of Madness – Santos Dumont – Subtitles in Portuguese
Curta-Metragem HOMEM VOA?	Réplica do Balão Brasil de Santos Dumont na Univali

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1822
Proclamation of the independence of the state of Piauí (PI).

In Parnaíba, the independence of the state of Piauí, with Dom Pedro I as constitutional emperor, was proclaimed by Simplício Dias da Silva, João Cândido de Deus e Silva, Domingos Dias, amongst others. This day is now known as Dia do Piauí. Following the proclamation, the state continued to be under Portuguese command until 24 January 1823, when Brigadeiro Manoel de Sousa Martins, viscount of Parnaíba, declared the state independent. On 13 March 1823, Portuguese troops confronted an improvised Brazilian army at Jenipapo. The bloody battle resulted in a victory for the Portuguese, but it was the start of the creation of Brazilian unity.

 

PIAUÍ
Descobertas – Especial sobre a história do Piauí	Hino do Piauí – Imagens

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (256): September 13

Brazilian Days 253

September 13

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Agrônomo

(Agronomist). An agronomist has the knowledge about agriculture. Agriculture still is an important factor in the Brazilian economy. The country exports mainly coffee, sugar, cotton, tobacco and, more recently, biodiesel fuel. The agronomist is involved in the improvement of the production, improvement of sanitary conditions, disease control, administration and zootechnics. Incidentally, the day of Agronomic Engineer – Dia do Engenheiro Agrônomo – is on October 12.

  

AGRONOMIST
Agrônomo Responde: alta do trigo e cana de açúcar no Brasil	Agrônomo Responde: geada provoca perdas no milh
Agrônomo Responde: seca reduz produção de grãos no Brasil	Agrônomo Responde: chuva de pedra destrói cafezais

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1987
Radioactive incident in Goiânia (GO).

In an abandoned hospital in Goiâna, the capital of the state of Goiás, a tube with radioactive cesium was found and transported in a wheelbarrow by two men. They opened the tube and were partially exposed to gamma radiation. One of them later had an arm missing. They saw a deep blue glow radiating metal. They sold the tube to a scrap dealer. This trader wanted to make a ring of this blue metal for his wife. The metal had a great attraction and therefore affected the family of the merchant and those who visited his house. Some became very ill and even died. Two weeks later, the wife of the merchant became suspicious, because of the number of sick people. She first thought it was due to contaminated water, but quickly put the relationship with the weird metal. She wrapped it in a plastic bag and traveled by bus to a hospital. The consulting physician immediately was alarmed. The woman died a month later from the effects of radiation. A total of 46 people were intensively exposed to radiation, later revised that number to 628 (government) and even six thousand (interest group of the victims). Four of them died in the short term. A total of 100 000 people were tested for radiation. Among them, 129 had internal radiation. In a thousand people the radiation intensity equaled to the background radiation that people are exposed to during one year. The sites were thoroughly examined for radiation and if necessary cleaned or destroyed. The daughter of the scrap dealer received a hefty dose, and died quickly; she is buried in a lead coffin which is surrounded by a thick layer of concrete. Three doctors who were involved in nuclear work on leaving hospital were indicted for criminal negligent act. Later it became known that nearly 80 percent of infected people has obtained a certain mental disorder.

 

RADIOACTIVE ACCIDENT IN GOIÂNIA (GO)
Linha Direta Justiça – Césio 137	Césio 137 – O Pesadelo de Goiânia
acidente nuclear em goias- record	Como foi o Acidente Nuclear com o Césio 137 no Brasil
A familia mais afetada pelo acidente com o Césio 137 – Goiânia 1987	Goiânia incident Brasil

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1906
Flight of eight meters in the 14BIS aircraft by Alberto Santos Dumont.

This flight is the first registered flight of a machine that is heavier than air, that flew on its own. This flight is not considered as the first motorized flight, because of the short distance and the minimal altitude reached by the 14 BIS. Later that year, Alberto would become world famous by performing the first motorized flight in mankind.

 

14 BIS
14 BIS NO CEARÁ	The first airplane – 14 bis

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (204): July 23

 

Brazilian Days 204

July 23

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Guarda Rodoviário

(Highway Patrol Man). On July 24, 1928, president Washington Luíz created the Polícia Rodoviária Federal. Initially, this unit was called ‘Polícia das Estradas’ (Road Police). The first highway patrol man was Antônio Felix Filho, nicknamed ‘Turquinho’. He started his job on July 23, 1935. He and his colleagues were called ‘Inspetores de Tráfego’ (Traffic Inspectors). In 1945 the unit was called Policia Rodoviária Federal (PRF). In 1988, the PRF was assigned to control the Brazilian highways (more than 61 thousand km). Since 1991, the PRF is linked to the Brazilian Department of Justice.

Turquinho (website prf) ^source

POLÍCIA RODOVIÁRIA
Polícia Rodoviária Federal	PRF – no Profissão Repórter
PRF – 24 horas	POLÍCIA RODOVIÁRIA FEDERAL
80 ANOS DA POLÍCIA RODOVIÁRIA FEDERAL PRF	Atuação da Polícia Rodoviária Federal
Conheça a Polícia Rodoviária Federal

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1952
Olympic gold and world record for triple jumper Adhemar Ferreira da Silva (1927-2001) in Helsinki.

Thus far, Brazilian athletes did not collect too many Olympic medals; those who won a medal gain more attention in Brazil. In 1948, In London, Da Silva jumped a little more than 15 meters, and achieved the14th place. In Helsinki, he broke the Olympic record four times. The final jump of 16.22 meter was even a world record. Four years later, in Melbourne, Da Silva became Olympic champion again, with a jump of 16.32 meter. He also became a five-time Pan American champion. When Da Silva got tuberculosis in 1960, his sports career ended. He then worked at the Brazilian embassy in Nigeria and was acting in the Brazilian movie “Orfeu Negro” (Black Orpheus, 1959), which won an Oscar in 1960.

^source


Adhemar Ferreira da Silva

Carnival Dance- Black Orpheus – Marcel Camus 1959

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1993
Massacre, which became internationally known as “Chacina da Candelária”, in downtown Rio de Janeiro.

During that night, eight street children were killed by the Polícia Militar, at the entrance of one of the best known churches in Rio: Candelária. Six police officers were arrested, three of them were condemned. Years later, one of the surviving children was the hostage-taker of bus line ‘174’. One hostage was killed. A movie was made, based on this tragedy.

^source / ^source

1993 Rio Chacina da Candelária – Fantástico

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1840
Dom Pedro II (14) declared of age.

One year later, Pedro was crowned as emperor Pedro II.

^source

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1842
Signing of the marriage contract between emperor Pedro II and Tereza Cristina Maria de Bourbon.

Teresa’s full name is: Teresa Cristina Maria Josefa Gaspar Baltazar Melquior Januária Rosália Lúcia Francisca de Assis Isabel Francisca de Pádua Donata Bondosa André d’Avelino Rita Leodegária Gertrudes Venância Tadéia Espiridião Roca Matilda de Bourbon-Sicílias e Bragança (1822-1889). She was born in Vienna (Austria). Pedro was sixteen at that time, and Teresa twenty. Their marriage took place on September 4, 1842, and would last 46 years. Teresa died shortly after the coup in 1889.

^source

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1556
Nomination of Mem de Sá (1500-1572) as Governor-General of Brazil.

He became the successor of Duarte da Costa. Mem de Sá arrived in Brazil at the end of 1557. His first task was to expel the French colonists from Rio de Janeiro, who had founded their colony ‘French Antarctica’. He managed to destroy their fortress ‘Coligny’, but the French left only, with help of his cousin Estácio and, thanks to negotiations of the two famous Jesuits Norbrega and Anchieta with the Tamoio indians to convince them to stop them helping the French. Mem de Sá is considered ass the founder of Rio de Janeiro (1567). He stayed in office as governor until 1572. His successor Luis Fernandes de Vasconcelos would never reach Brazil. His ship with 39 priests was attacked by French pirates and all of them were killed. They are now know as the Forty Martyrs of Brazil.

^source

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1932
Death of Alberto Santos Dumont, aviation pioneer (1873-1932).

Alberto was one of the first in the world to fly with a motorized airplane. In 1910, multiple sclerosis was detected, and caused a depression. Alberto returned to Brazil, after having lived and worked in France for many years. In 1932, he committed suicide, unhappy with his disease and depression, and unhappy about the use of his invention in warfare. Alberto was not married and did not have children.

source

Santos-Dumont: Biografias Brasileiras

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1975
Flag of Rio de Janeiro became the flag of the new state of Rio de Janeiro.

Rio de Janeiro was capital of Brazil from 1763 to 1960. In 1834, the city was nominated the Imperial Capital. Following the proclamation of the republic in 1889, Rio remained the capital, until the inauguration of the newly-designed capital Brasília in 1960. The federal district of Rio de Janeiro was then renamed in the state of Guanabara, and was Brazil’s smallest state for 15 years. The state of Rio de Janeiro surrounded the state of Guanabara completely and had Niterói as its capital. Merger of the two states took place in 1975 and the city of Rio de Janeiro became the capital. The flag of the former state of Rio de Janeiro became the flag of the merger state.

Left: flag of Guanabara, now flag of the city of Rio de Janeiro.
Right: flag of the state of Rio de Janeiro.

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2001
Defeat of the Brazilian national soccer team against Honduras led to the elimination in the 2001 Copa América.

In the group phase, Brazil won from Peru and Paraguay, but lost to Mexico. As first ranked in the group, Brazil (with Luiz Felipe Scolari (Felipão) as the coach) was linked to Honduras in the quarter finals. Beletti scored an own goal in the 57th minute, Saul Martinez made the second for Honduras in the final seconds of the match. A historical defeat. Colombia became champion after beating Mexico in the final.

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1829
Return of José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva from exile.

José (1763-1838) was an important person in Brazilian history. Besides statesman, he was a scientist (geologist) and poet. José was one of the mentors of the independence of Brazil. His democratic principles were not accepted by the government and be was arrested and put in exile in 1823. He then lived in France, until he was allowed to return to Brazil in 1829. His Irish wife died during the journey. José was a regent for a short period, when Pedro II was too young to climb the imperial throne. His regency only lasted two years, when he was accused of betrayal. He then was pardoned and lived until his death in 1838 in Niterói.

José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva –
Série “Construtores do Brasil” – TV Câmara

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2007
Gold medal for Fabiana Murer at Pan American Games (pole vault)

Fabiana won silver at the Pan American Games in 2011, became world champion in 2011, and indoor world champion in 2010. She became the first Brazilian to win gold at a IAAF world championship. She participated in Beijing 2008, but was eliminated in the finals.

Foto: Estadão

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2007
Gold medal for Yane Marques at Pan American Games (modern pentathlon)

Yane won also silver at the Pan American Games in 2011. She ranked 18th at the Olympic Games in 2008.

By  Adriano Antoine Robbesom

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Brazilian Days (201): July 20

 

Brazilian Days 201

July 20

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Amigo

(Friend’s Day). This day was introduced by Argentine Enrique Ernesto Febbraro. He was inspired by the first man on the moon on July 20, 1969, which day was not only a technological milestone, but also a day that provides opportunities to make friendships with anyone, on the Earth and beyond. In 1979, the day was introduced in Argentina by decree 235/79, and Brazil followed little time later. In 1985, the United Nations added this day on their calendar, followed by more than one hundred nations. On April 27, 2011, the United Nations declared July 30 as the International Day of Friendship.

“Não sei se a vida é curta ou longa demais para nós,
Mas sei que nada do que vivemos
Tem sentido se não focamos o coração das pessoas
E isso não é coisa de outro mundo.
É o sentido da vida!
É o que faz com que ela não seja nem curta, nem longa demais
Mas que seja intensa, verdadeira, para enquanto durar.
Muitas vezes basta ser
Colo que acolhe, braço que envolve,
Palavra que conforta, silêncio que respeita, alegria que contagia,

Lágrima que corre, olhar que acaricia, desejo que sacia, amor que promove.”

Cora Coralina

Nunca foi um bom amigo quem por pouco quebrou a amizade.
A good friend does not end a friendship because of a minor issue.
^{Popular saying}

O que é um amigo? Uma única alma habitando dois corpos.
What is a friend? That is the only soul that houses in two bodies.
^Aristoteles

AMIGO…
É COISA BOA,
É COISA LINDA,
É COISA CHATA,
É TUDO E MAIS UM POUCO,
É PARA TODOS E PARA NINGUÉM,
É COISA PARA TODO HORA.
AMIGO É INDEFINIDO.

AMIGO É DA GENTE PARA TODO A GENTE.
E DE GENTES PARA NOSSA GENTE.
AMIGO É ASSIM, AMIGO.

THIAGO CAPILÉ

^source

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Dia Mundial da Amizade

(World Friendship Day). Another confusing date. In 1935, the American Congress introduced the National Friendship Day on the first Sunday in August.. This initiative was followed by a number of other nations. In contrast, in for example Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil, the Dia do (or del) Amigo is on July 20, today.

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Dia do Revendedor de Petróleo e Derivados / dos Postos de Gasolina

(Oil Broker, Gasoline seller).

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Dia Pan-Americano do Engenheiro

(Panamerican day of the Engineer)

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Dia de Alberto Santos Dumont

(Alberto Santos Dumont). See below

^source

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1934
Death of Padre Cicero, religious leader.

Born in Ceará (1844), padre Cícero Romão Batista may be considered as a Messiah for the poor people in Northeast Brazil. The large majority in this region is catholic, but they consider the Vatican as too distant from them. Not only in kilometers, but also in the understanding of their harsh circumstances. Therefore, they are very sensitive for charismatic people who appear to be as poor and humble as they are. A good start for a charismatic public figure as Padre Cicero. A saint for the one, a demagogue of the other. The legend around the priest was born in 1889. During the mass, one of the worshipers was not able to swallow the Host, because it was transformed in a red substance. Investigations did not reveal its origin, and this happening was considered as a miracle. It was not the only ‘miracle’. Soon pilgrimages were organized to this chapel. Cicero even became politician, became major of his parish. That gained him many opponents. The catholic church blocked his religious tasks. After his death, his town Juazeiro became one of the most significant pilgrimage sites in Brazil, with more than 2 million pilgrims annually. Some among them arrive on their bleeding knees at the statue, in their eyes a sacred place.

^{source
His statue in Ceará}

PADRE CICERO
Padre Cicero – Romão Batista 1	Padre Cicero – Romão Batista 2
Padre Cicero – Romão Batista 3	Padre Cicero – Romão Batista 4
Padre Cicero – Documentary (2011)	Padre Cicero – Documentary (1972)
‘Miracles in Juazeiro’	Story telling the death of Padre Cicero

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1965
Death of composer Haroldo Lobo (1910-1965).

Haroldo was one of the most influential composers of carnival music in Rio de Janeiro, in the past century. During his productive life he wrote no less than 453 musics; more than 300 of them were carnival musics. Haroldo did not enjoy his ultimate success, “Que Tristeza”, since he died of a heart attack prior to the first performance.

^source

HAROLDO LOBO
Haroldo Lobo – de Lá Pra Cá 1	Haroldo Lobo – de Lá Pra Cá 2
Haroldo Lobo – de Lá Pra Cá 3	‘Tristeza’: Vinicius de Moraes & Toquinho

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1843
Birth of Alberto Santos Dumont.

Alberto Santos Dumont is the principal Brazilian aviation pioneer. He made his first motorized flight in 1906.

^source

SANTOS DUMONT
O Reporte da História	‘O Pai da Aviação’
Life and Works 1	Life and Works 2

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1903
Inauguration Marco das Três Fronteiras.

In Foz do Iguaçu, the borders of Argentina (Puerto Iguazú), Paraguay (Puerto Presidente Franco), and Brazil form a triple frontier. In each of the mentioned locations an obelisk as been erected as a landmark. The three obelisks form a equilateral triangle, as a symbol of equality and fraternity between the three countries. The Brazilian as well as the Argentinean obelisk were erected on July 20, 1903, each decorated in the national colors. In the near future, a second ‘Friendship Bridge’ between Paraguay and Brazil will be constructed. Also a panoramic tower has been designed.

TRÊS FRONTEIRAS (Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina)
Brazil	Argentina
Bridging the borders?	Showing the three columns

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1874
Second attack against the Citadel of the Muckers – movement of protestant colonists in Rio Grande do Sul

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2007
Panamerican Games, judo: Gold medal for Edinanci Silva, after defeating the Cuban Yurisel Laborde

Edinanci also won the gold medal at the 2003 Panamerican Games. She won bronze twice at the World Championships in 1997 and in 2003.

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2007
Panamerican Games, judo: Gold medal for Tiago Camilo, after defeating the Cuban Jorge Benavides.

Tiago also won the gold medal at the Panamerican Games in 2003 and 2011. He became world champion in 2007, and gained silver (2000), and bronze (2008) at the Olympic Games.

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2007
Panamerican Games, swimming: Gold medal for Thiago Pereira (200 m medley).

Thiago won six golden medals during the 2007 edition, and more six during the 2011 edition of the Panamerican Games. He reached 5th (2004) and 4th (2008) during the Olympic Games (200 m medley).

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Brazilian Days (194): July 13

 

Brazilian Days 194

July 13

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Engenheiro Sanitarista

(Sanitary Engineer). According Decreto/ Lei 414/91, published on October 22, 1991, this day became established on July 13, and the tasks of this profession were described. The engineer has a great responsibility regarding public hygiene. Particularly, after the publication of the Law Primary Sanitary Requirements, much money was invested in the connection of all households on the public sewage systems, and the connection of tap water. Saturnino de Brito (1864-1929) was one of the leading sanitary engineers in Brazil.

<

SANITARY ENGINEER
Prof. Luiz Antônio Bertussi Filho – engenheiro sanitarista	Os Canais de Saturnino (Saturnino’s Canals) Trailer – English
Os Canais de Saturnino (Saturnino’s Canals) Trailer – Português

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Dia Mundial do Rock

(Rock music). On July 13, 1985, the memorable Live Aid Festival took place. Attention and money was requested for the starving population of Ethiopia. The rock music style originated since 1954, when it was introduced by Elvis Presley. It was soon followed by many singers and rock styles, also in Brazil. 1955 was the debut year of Nora Ney, who can be seen as a pioneer of the Brazilian rock. Today, the Brazilian rock has many representatives who still enjoy great popularity.

BRAZILIAN ROCK
History of Brazilian Rock, part 1	History of Brazilian Rock, part 2
Special about Nora Ney	Nora Ney – Rock Around The Clock
Live Aid – Status Quo	Live Aid – Style Council
Live Aid – Adam Ant	Live Aid – Ultravox
Live Aid – Elvis Costello	Live Aid – Nik Kershaw
Live Aid – Sade	Live Aid – Sting
Live Aid – Phil Collins	Live Aid – Queen
Live Aid – Led Zeppelin	Live Aid – Dire Straits
Live Aid – U2	Live Aid – show

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Dia dos Cantores e dos Compositores Sertanejos

(Sertanejo music). Roughly speaking, one may consider it as the Brazilian tearjerker, although this term does not cover everything. It started with the traveling Jesuits, who made music in their religious missions, with their guitars and other stringed instruments. The Bandeirantes – pioneers – loved to play guitar and sang about their lonely lives, the dramas of their existence. In the eighteenth century the Sertanejo became popularized: the religious and pioneer versions were mixed with influences of immigrants, with their own rhythms. In the twentieth century, the first singing duos appeared. Later in this century, the traditional clothing of the rural areas became tightly linked to the Sertanejo music. It resembles the American “country”-style hats, colorful and checkered shirts, jeans and boots. There are regular programs to be watched on Brazilian TV, entirely devoted to the Sertanejo music.

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ZEZÉ DI CAMARGO E LUCIANO
Zezé di Camargo e Luciano (1991)	Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – complete
Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 01	Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 02
Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 03	Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 04
Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 05	Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 06
Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 07	Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 08
Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 09	Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 10
Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 11	Os Dois Filhos de Francisco – 12
Zezé di Camargo e Luciano – É Amor

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1901
Flight of Alberto Santos Dumont around the Eiffel Tower.

One day earlier, on July 12, Alberto made three flights over Paris. During the third flight Alberto managed to fly around the Eiffel Tower, but shortly after he was forced to make an emergency landing. One day later, he had succeeded in his aim to fly around the Eiffel Tower but his attempt of 40 minutes was too long to win the coveted prize. Only on October 19 that year Alberto managed to fly around the Eiffel Tower, but he exceeded the time limit with only 40 seconds. The French jury admitted reluctantly that Alberto had to be awarded the prize of 100,000 francs.

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1553
Arrival of Padre José de Anchieta in Brazil.

De Anchieta was one of the most influential people in Brazilian history.

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PADRE JOSÉ DE ANCHIETA
São José de Anchieta	Vida e Obra de José de Anchieta

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1553
Installation of Duarte da Costa as Governor-General of Brazil (1553-1558).

Duarte arrived with the same ship as the Father Anchieta and Father Manuel da Nobrega. During his reign, several Indian tribes were subjected, the Jesuit Order was founded in São Paulo, and the French landed in the Bay of Guanabara to found their colony.

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1640
Jesuits forced to leave São Paulo.

Pope Urban VIII issued a decree in favor of the freedom of the Indians. This was much to the dismay of the Paulistas, who used the Indians as slaves. To express their displeasure, citizens of São Paulo attacked the monasteries. The Jesuits were saved by the troops of the municipalities. The Jesuits maintained the decree of the pope that freedom should be awarded to the Indians, with the result that citizens of Sao Paulo forced the Jesuits to leave the city.

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By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Brazilian Days (185): July 4

 

Brazilian Days 185

July 4

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DAY OF:

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Dia das Aparências

(Appearances)

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Dia do Operador de Telemarketing
(Telemarketeer). Also in Brazil you run the risk to be approached by telemarketers who want you buy their products. Telephone companies regularly call for their latest offers, trying to persuade the customers to buy them.

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1898
First balloon flight by Alberto Santos Dumont (1873-1932) above Paris.
Alberto would later gain world fame as one of the pioneers of modern aviation. His first balloon, which he called “Brésil“, was relatively small in size and could carry just 70 kilos. His second balloon “América” was much bigger and earned him a prestigious price. He then stayed up to 22 hours in the air. In total, Alberto constructed balloons 11 and flew with them. In 1901 Dumont won the Deutsch Prize, when his balloon flew around the Eiffel Tower. In 1906, Alberto made his memorable flight with the motorized 14Bis. Controversy still exists who made the first motorized flight in history : Alberto Santos Dumont or the Wright brothers.

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ALBERTO SANTOS DUMONT
Alberto Santos Dumont and the balloons	Alberto Santos Dumont, winged dreams

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1948
Death of writer Monteiro Lobato (1882-1948).

José Bento Renato Monteiro Lobato, born in Taubaté (SP), is considered as one of the most influential Brazilian writers of the twentieth century. Half of his works are books for children, with the most famous ‘Sítio do Picapau Amarelo‘ (1939), the Ranch of the Yellow Woodpecker. The latter appeared in a number of series on Brazilian TV. Besides writing children’s books, Lobato also translated various books into Portuguese. Lobato was also a strong nationalist and favored state monopoly of iron and oil exploration in Brazil. ‘O petróleo é nosso!’, ‘The oil is ours!’. He died of CVA, in São Paulo.

Monteiro Lobato

Image from the trailer of the movie

MONTEIRO LOBATO
Interview with Monteiro Lobato, shortly before his death 1	Interview with Monteiro Lobato, shortly before his death 2
Interview with Monteiro Lobato, shortly before his death 3	100 Years Monteiro Lobato- Globo Repórter 1982
Síto do Picapau Amarelo (1977)	Síto do Picapau Amarelo (2001)

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Brazilian Days (155): June 4

Brazilian Days 155

June 4

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DAY OF:

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Dia Internacional das Crianças Vítimas de Agressão
(International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression). Unfortunately, reports of child abuse and violence against children appear almost every day. Not only in Brazil or in the Netherlands, but in the entire world. It is estimated that in Europe only, more than 1300 children die because of violence every year. On 19 August 1982, at its emergency special session on the question of Palestine, the General Assembly, “appalled at the great number of innocent Palestinian and Lebanese children victims of Israel’s acts of aggression”, decided to commemorate 4 June of each year as the International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression (resolution ES-7/8).

“On this solemn occasion, we need to recall the sacred duty, enshrined in the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of the Child, to ensure that all children, without any exception whatsoever, enjoy special protection.”

Former Secretary-General Javier Perez de Cuellar

Enter a caption

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1819
Foundation of Nova Friburgo (RJ)

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1950
First experimental television broadcast by TV Tupi in São Paulo.

On 18 September that year, the first official television broadcast took place.

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1994
Death of architect, landscape architect and painter Roberto Burle Marx 

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1992
Start of ECO 92 in Rio de Janeiro.

The opening was accompanied by the leaders of 180 nations.

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1931
Election of Alberto Santos Dumont as member of Academia Brasileira de Letras

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Brazilian Days (296): October 23

Brazilian Days 296

October 23

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DAY OF:

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Dia da Aviação Brasileira

(Brazilian Aviation). This day commemorates the first Brazilian flight in history, realized by Alberto Santos Dumont, at Campo de Bagatelle in Paris on 23 October 1906.

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Dia de Santos Dumont

(Santos Dumont). Alberto Santos Dumont was born on 20 July 1873 in Palmira, Minas Gerais. He was sent to Paris by his father in 1891. Alberto studied physics, chemistry, mechanics, and specialized himself in aeronautics. In 1897, he realized his first experiments with balloons. In 1901, Alberto won the prestigious Deutsch Prize, when he managed to fly in a balloon (Brasil no. 6) for at least one hour, around the Eiffel Tower. On 23 October 1906, he managed to fly with his machine 14-BIS, which he named ‘Oiseau de Proie’ (Bird of Prey) at an altitude of 2 meters, across a distance of 60 meters, witnessed by more than a thousand spectators.In 2006, centenary of this memorable flight, was the Brazilian Santos Dumont Year, as established by law (Lei nº 11.262). Alberto died on 23 July 1932. On 22 September 1959, Alberto was posthumously honored the title Marechal-do-Ar (Air Marshall).

 

SANTOS DUMONT
Santos Dumont O Homem Pode Voar Documentário	Santos Dumont, o inventor do avião.
Biografia – Santos Dumont	Inovação e empreendedorismo de Santos Dumont

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Dia da Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB)

(Brazilian Air Force). The Brazilian Air Force (largest of the Southern Hemisphere and second largest of the Americas) was created on 20 January 1941. As a homage to Alberto Santos Dumont, who was declared patron of the Brazilian Air Force, the Brazilian Air Force Day is held on 23 October. In 2013, more than 77 thousand people work for the FAB. The FAB fleet count more than 750 aircraft.

 

Motto of FAB: “Asas que protegem o país”

Youtube Channel Brazilian Air Force

BRAZILIAN AIR FORCE
FABTV – FAB na História – Década de 40	FAB TV – FAB na História – déc 50 e 60
FAB TV – FAB na História – Década de 70 e 80	FAB TV – Fab na História – Décadas de 90 e 2000

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Dia Nacional do Aviador

(Brazilian Aviator Day). This day was introduced in 1936 (Lei n° 218, 4 July 1936) as a homage to the first flight in history, on 23 October 1906.

BRAZILIAN AVIATOR
Dia do Aviador – Dia da Força Aérea Brasileira	71 ANOS FAB – Conheça a história do Patrono da Força Aérea Brasileira

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Dia do Direito das Mães

(Mother’s Rights)

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1993

Death of Dr. Zerbini, surgeon who performed the first heart transplantation in Brazil.

Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini was born on 7 May 1912 in the city of Garatinguetá (SP). In 1930 Euryclides started to study Medicine in São Paulo. He graduated in 1935. At the age of 29 he was nominated as professor. In 1942, Euryclides performed the first cardiac surgery on a seven-year-old boy. In 1944, he moved to the United States to work at the Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, and at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. With the years, he became more specialized in cardiac surgery. The ‘Zerbini Caravan’ was created, and a surgical team traveled throughout Brazil and various Southern American countries. On 26 May 1968, slightly more than five months after the world’s first heart transplant in Cape Town (3 December 1967), the first heart transplant was performed in Brazil by Dr. Zerbini and his team. João Ferreira da Cunha, nicknamed João Boiadeiro, received the heart of Luis Fernando de Barros. The patient survived 28 days. The success resulted in the creation of InCor, the Heart Institute in São Paulo, one of the largest in the world. In 1969, Dr. Zerbini was nominated professor of Clinical Surgery at FMUSP in São Paulo. At advanced age, he was diagnosed with a brain tumor and died at InCor on 23 October 1993. During his professional life, he had trained more than 400 surgeons from Brazil, Latin America, and few other countries: the Disciples of Zerbini.

   

DR. EURYCLIDES ZERBINI
Dr. Euryclides Zerbini	Primeiro transplante de coração no Brasil
Exposição homenageia o Doutor Zerbini	Exposição sobre o Dr Zerbini no Incor homenageia o pioneiro dos transplantes no Brasil

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1906

Aviation pioneer Alberto Santos Dumont realized a 60 meter flight, at an altitude of 2 meters.

This flight attempt was performed at Campo de Bagatelle in Paris, and witnessed by a large audience.

SANTOS DUMONT
Santos Dumont	Asas da Loucura – Santos Dumont – documentario

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1940

Birth of Édson Arantes do Nascimento, better known as Pelé

Pelé is considered as one of the best soccer players of all time. Edson was born in Três Corações (MG). He started his soccer activities at Bauru Atlético Clube in the state of São Paulo. He became champion with his team in 1954 and 1955. In 1956, he was invited to play in Santos. On 7 September in the same year, Pelé played his first official match: a friendly against Corinthians. The result was 7 to 1, with 2 goals by Pelé. Less than a year later, on 7 July 1957, Pelé (still 16) played his first match for the Brazilian team, against Argentina. He scored one goal. He won with the Brazilian team three world titles: in 1958 (Sweden), 1962 (Chile) and in 1970 (Mexico). Between 1975 and 1977, Pelé played in the team of New York Cosmos. He scored 1281 goals in 1363 matches. He was minister of Sport between 1995 and 1998. Pelé was chosen as athlete and soccer player of the 20th century.

PELÉ
Pelé Compilation – Best Soccer Player	Entrevista de Pelé no Jô Soares

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (292): October 19

Brazilian Days 292

October 19

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Piauí

(State of Piauí). The state of Piauí is located in the northeastern region of Brazil. The state is slightly larger than the United Kingdom and hosts little more than 3 million inhabitants, of which almost 9000 thousand live in the capital, Teresina. Piauí is one of the poorest states of Brazil. The state exports essential oil, soybeans, cotton (products), and cashew. The state hosts a large number of archeological sites and boast to have the largest concentration of rock paintings in the world. The Serra da Capivara National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. See also below.

 

PIAUÍ (PI)
Dia do Piauí	PICOS ESPECIAL PARA O DIA DO PIAUI
Dia do Piauí	Turismo no Piauí
Teresina	Sitios arqueológicos do Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara

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Dia do Guarda Noturno

(Night watch). These uniformed men guard buildings and terrains. They usually occupy a gatehouse, near the main entrance. Normally they do not posses firearms, but they may carry a baton.

 

GUARDA NOTURNO
CÂMERAS DE VIGILÂNCIA NOTURNA DE LONGO ALCANCE	Vigia Noturno

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1901
Successful balloon flight over the Eiffel Tower by Alberto Santos Dumont

Alberto flew with his balloon Santos Dumont 6 a 11 km tour above the Eiffel Tower in Paris. Since Alberto managed to complete this attempt within 30 seconds of the limit, he won the prestigious Deutsch Prize, worth 100 thousand francs. He awarded his team, and the rest of the money was distributed among almost 4000 poor people in Paris.

“Iniciei a construção de um novo balão e novo motor, o numero 6, um pouco mais forte e maior. Três semanas, contadas dia por dia, após o último desastre, meu aparelho, o n.º 6, estava pronto. Em 19 de Outubro (1901), à tarde, pois a manhã foi chuvosa, subi de novo, contornei a Torre, a uma altura de 250 metros, sobre uma enorme multidão que aí estacionava à minha espera, e passei por Autenil, sobre o hipódromo do mesmo nome, que ficava em meu caminho. Havia corridas; a minha passagem, tanto na ida como na volta, despertou um delírio de aplausos; ouvi a gritaria e vi lenços e chapéus arrojados no ar; eu distava da terra apenas de 50 a 100 metros… Da minha saída ao momento em que passei do zênite do ponto de partida, decorreram 29 minutos e 30 segundos. Com a velocidade que levava, passei a linha da chegada – como fazem os yachts, os barcos a petróleo, os cavalos de corridas, etc. – , diminuí a força do motor e virei de bordo; então, voltando, e com menos velocidade, manobrei para tocar a terra, o que fiz em 31 minutos após minha partida. Pois bem, alguns senhores quiseram que fosse esse o tempo oficial! Grandes polêmicas. Tive comigo toda a imprensa e o povo de Paris e também Son Altesse Imperiale le Prince Roland Bonaparte, presidente da Comissão Científica que ia julgar o assunto. O voto me foi favorável. Não se tinham passado dois anos e eram ganhos os cem mil francos do prêmio Deutsch, que, acrescidos aos juros e mais prêmios pequenos, perfazia o total de 129.000 francos, que foram assim destinados: 50.000 francos aos meus mecânicos e operários das usinas que me tinham auxiliado; e o restante a mais de 3.950 pobres de Paris, distribuídos, a pedido meu, pelo Sr. Lepine, Chefe de Polícia, em donativos de menos de 20 francos. Por essa ocasião, o saudoso Sr. Campos Sales, então Presidente da República, enviou-me uma medalha de ouro e, logo, em seguida, fui agradavelmente surpreendido com o recebimento com o prêmio de 100:000$000, que me foi oferecido pelo Congresso Nacional; além destas, duas outras medalhas recebi: uma do Instituto de França, outra do Aero Club de França.”

SANTOS DUMONT
Santos Dumont – O Homem Pode Voar – Documentário	GNT – Wings of Madness – Santos Dumont – Subtitles in Portuguese
Curta-Metragem HOMEM VOA?	Réplica do Balão Brasil de Santos Dumont na Univali

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1822
Proclamation of the independence of the state of Piauí (PI).

In Parnaíba, the independence of the state of Piauí, with Dom Pedro I as constitutional emperor, was proclaimed by Simplício Dias da Silva, João Cândido de Deus e Silva, Domingos Dias, amongst others. This day is now known as Dia do Piauí. Following the proclamation, the state continued to be under Portuguese command until 24 January 1823, when Brigadeiro Manoel de Sousa Martins, viscount of Parnaíba, declared the state independent. On 13 March 1823, Portuguese troops confronted an improvised Brazilian army at Jenipapo. The bloody battle resulted in a victory for the Portuguese, but it was the start of the creation of Brazilian unity.

 

PIAUÍ
Descobertas – Especial sobre a história do Piauí	Hino do Piauí – Imagens

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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