Brazilian Days 120
April 30
DAY OF:
Dia Nacional da Mulher
(Brazilian Women’s Day). Lei (law) 6.971/1980 established 30 April as Brazilian Women’s Day. The date is chosen as a homage to Jerônima Mesquita (1880-1972), one of the first leaders of the Brazilian feminist movement. She founded Movimento Bandeirante (Flag Movement) – which encouraged the inclusion of women in the society -, and the Conselho Nacional das Mulheres (National Women’s Council).
Dia da Baixada Fluminense.
Dia do Ferroviário.
(Railways). This day commemorates the inauguration of the first railway in Brazil, between the cities of Petrópolis and Rio de Janeiro.
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1839
Birth of Marshal Floriano Peixoto, second president of Brazil (1891-1894)
1880
Birth of Jerônima Mesquita, one of the first leaders of the Brazilian feminist movement.
She was a daughter of a wealthy coffee planter family, who had treated their slaves well. Her father became one of the first to liberate his slaves, which eventually gained him the title of baron. Jerônima was able to study, but married at the early age of 17. Two years later she already separated. She continued her mother’s charity activities. During the First World War, she volunteered for the Red Cross in France and Switzerland, Back in Brazil, she co-founded the Brazilian Red Cross. In 1919, Jerônima participated in the foundation of Movimento Bandeirante, a Brazilian feminist movement.
1854
Inauguration, by Dom Pedro I, of the first railway in Brazil: Rio de Janeiro – Petrópolis (RJ), the Estrada de Ferro Mauá.
1625
Capitulation of the first Dutch invasion.
The capitulation was signed at the quarter of Carmo in Bahia.
1948
Creation of the Organization of American States (OAS)
In Portuguese: Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA). Already in 1826, Simon Bolivar suggested to create a league of American republics. The first meeting was with Great Colombia, Peru, the United Provinces of Central America, and Mexico. Eventually, it resulted into the formation of the Pan American Union, which was founded in 1910. The ninth International Conference of American States resulted in the creation of the OAS, and the adoption of the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man. The following 21 member states met in Bogotá, Colombia, in 1948 to sign the OAS Charter: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, United States of America, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Subsequently, the following 14 member states joined: Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago (1967); Jamaica (1969); Grenada (1975); Suriname (1977); Dominica, Saint Lucia (1979); Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1981); The Bahamas (1982); St. Kitts & Nevis (1984); Canada (1990); Belize and Guyana (1991). The headquarters are in Washington D.C.
1985
Creation of the Ministry of Agrarian Reform and Development
1912
Foundation of América Futebol Clube, Belo Horizonte
1875
Elevation of São Luis do Paraitinga to the status of a city
1531
Arrival of Portuguese discoverer Martín Alonso de Souza at the location, on which city of Rio de Janeiro would be constructed.
1932
Opening of the academic year of the Law Faculty in São Paulo.
At Largo São Francisco the tradtional trot: a student parade ridiculed various leaders of the officer’s movement (tenentismo) who supported Getúlio Vargas. Bystanders favored the parade, which became transformed into a political manifestation.
1822
An article written by Joaquim Gonçalves Ledo suggested that D. Pedro I should proclaim the independence of Brazil.
1946
Ban on casinos in Brazil
1981
Bomb explosion at Centro de Convenções (Convention Center) in downtown Rio de Janeiro
By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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