Dia das Sociedades Amigos de Bairros (District Societies)
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1826
Death of Dom João VI (1767-1826), king of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves.
João Maria José Francisco Xavier de Paula Luís António Domingos Rafael de Bragança was his full name. He was king of Portugal since 1816; however, he was already regent since 1792, when his mother – Dona Maria – longer had the mental capability to govern the kingdom. João was not happy at all to be king; there are some stories that reveal that he cried when he heard the news that he had to become king. João was in Brazil, when his mother died en he had to succeed his mother. He is the only king who was crowned on the American continent.
1826
Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil became king of Portugal, as Pedro IV, after the death of his father, Dom João VI.
He was king of Portugal for only seven days, when he abdicated in favor of his young daughter, Dona Maria de Gloria, who was only seven. His uncle Dom Miguel I became regent.
1884
Death of writer Bernardo Guimarães (1825-1884)
Bernardo was born in Ouro Preto (MG), and studied law in São Paulo. He worked as a journalist, and eventually taught French and Latin. One of his best known works is the novel about slave Isaura (1875). This book was published at the time when there was a discussion going on about the end of slavery. Bernardo died at the age of 58; his ultimate works about the History of Minas Gerais and the novel O Bandido do Rio das Mortes never have been completed.
1980
Death of writer and politician José Américo de Almeida
1880
Creation of the fire brigade (Corpo de Bombeiros) in São Paulo
1808
Organization of the first ministry in Brazil
1980 Death of freshman (calouro) Carlos Alberto de Souza.
Carlos studied at the Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes (São Paulo), and died of the consequences of wounds that were caused by hazing activities at the start of the new semester.
2003 Code sharing of 113 daily flights by the airline companies TAM and Varig.
1747 Creation of Julgado das Aldeias Altas (MA) by D.João V.
In 1811, Aldeais Altas gained the status of a Vila. In 1836, the village was named Caxias, now one of the largest cities in the state of Maranhão.
1908 Inauguration of the electric tram line in Porto Alegre (RS)
1972 Announcement of the first shipments of Brazilian sugar that were sold to China.
1986
Replacement of Cruzado into Cruzeiro (Brazilian currency units), by Decreto Lei nº 2284
1997
Leakage of 2.8 million liters of petrol in the mangrove bushes in the Guanabara Bay (RJ)
Although many calendars show Dia da Abreugrafia on 2 January, the official day is on 4 January.
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1825
Brazil and Argentina started the war about Cisplatina, by conquering Banda Oriental, future Uruguay.
1855 Birth of Urbano Duarte (1855-1902), Brazilian military, journalist, columnist, comedian, and dramatist.
He was one of the co-founders of the Brazilian Letter Academy.
1884 Foundation of the Federação Espírita Brasileira, The Brazilian Spiritualism Federation.
1886 Death of Emílio Luis Mallet (Brazilian marshal, born in France)
1900
Fire destroyed Mercado Modelo of Derby (Recife)
1921
Creation of Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, Belo Horizonte
1942
The Fernando de Noronha archipelago, in the Atlantic Ocean, declared as a Military Zone.
1987
Ulysses Guimarães, chairman of PMDB, elected as chairman of the committee that would prepare the new Brazilian constitution.
1989
Police investigation indicated farmer Darci Alves da Silva as the person who gave order to the murder of rubber planter and union leader Chico Mendes.
1991
Creation of State Park “Parque Estadual da Pedra Azul” in the state of Espírito Santo, Brasil.
2002 Death of Fernando Dutra Pinto (kidnapper of the daughter of the popular TV host Sílvio Santos)
(Birds). According to Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ortnitológicos (CBRO; Brazilian Society of Ornithologists), Brazil hosts more than 1800 known bird species. The most recent observed (2010) new bird species in Brazil is the ferreirinho-de-cara-branca (Poecilotriccus albifacies (Blake, 1959)). About 10 percent of the Brazilian bird species are endangered species.
Aves do Brasil – Beija-flores, verdadeiras pinturas da natureza
Aves do Brasil – Patos, marrecas e cisnes do Brasil
Birds of Brazil – Parrots, Cuckoos, Anis
Inside – Parque das Aves – Brasil
Dia do Bóia-fria
(Seasonal worker). The term bóia-fria has a historical background: poor farm workers were picked up by a truck at dawn, and brought to the area where they had to work the entire day. They carried their warm meal (bóia) with them. At midday, their lunch hour, the warm meal was no longer warm but lukewarm, at most. These seasonal workers were employed in a certain season, such as harvest time. Because of the sometimes harsh circumstances, a number of humanitarian organizations consider it asmodern slavery. One clear example is the suger can cutter, who cuts no less than 12 tons (!) of suger can a day (12 working hours) for only 2.20 reais (a bit less than 1 euro) per ton. One ton of sugar cane produces 148 kg sugar, which has a value of approximately 100 reais. One famous bíoa-fria is Brazilian marathon athlete Vanderley Cordeiro de Lima (1969), who gained the bronze medal in Athens (2004), despite the ridiculous action of a bystander who tried to stop him.
BÓIA-FRIA
Os Bóias-frias
Vida de Bóia Fria
Pakistan: Misal Khan
Greece: Hussaini
Dia do Trabalhador Rural Volante
(Seasonal worker). See above.
Dia da Micro e Pequena Empresa
(Small and Medium Businesses). Small and medium businesses (MPE in short) represent more than 99 percent of all Brazilian businesses, and offer work to 28.7 million Brazilians. The SEBRAE (Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio ás Micro- e Pequeno Empresas, founded in 1972) is an institute that supports these businesses with loans and know-how. Recently, a new law (Lei Geral) for these businesses has come into effect,after more than 3 years of debates. With this law, rules for starting a new company have been simplified.
SMALL & MEDIUM BUSINESSES
SEBRAE-MG – Dia da Micro e Pequena Empresa
Campanha BB – Micro e Pequenas Empresas – 2011
SEBRAE-MG – Sobrevivência das micro e pequenas empresas é maior hoje em dia
SEBRAE-MG – Lei Geral das Micro e Pequenas Empresas
Dia Mundial do Professor
World Teacher’s Day is created by the UNESCO in 1994, in remembrance of the ratification of the Charter of the Teacher by the UNESCOand the ILO (International Labor Organization) on 5 October 1966, and the Charter for Teachers of Superior Education in 1997.
Motto of 2007 was:
Quality teachers for quality education
Motto of 2012 was:
Take a stand for teachers!
Quote by Alexander the Great:
“I am indebted to my father for my living, but to my teacher for living well”
WORLD TEACHER’S DAY
In Gratitude:UNESCO World Teachers’ Day 2009
5 October 2010, World Teachers’ Day
Inspiration for teaching: World Teachers’ Day 2011
How much is a good teacher worth ?
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1557 Death of Caramurú (1475-1557).
Diego Álvarez Correa was born in Coruña (Spain), although there are Portuguese researchers who are convinced that he was born in Viana do Castelo (Portugal). In 1510, Diego joined an expedition to the Brazilian mainland, but his ship got shipwrecked near Itaparica Island in Bahia. His companions became a feast for the Tupinambá indians living there, but Diego made impression with his musket: he stayed alive and gained his nickname Caramurú (Tupinambá for moraine) to his musket. He lived with the indians, got married with Paraguassu, a daughter of tribal chief Taparica. Diego had many children with different women. Diego and Paraguassu traveled to France, where Paraguassu became baptized into Catarina do Brasil. Thanks to his experiences with the indians, Diego worked as a interpreter and negotiator between the Portuguese, missionaries, and indians. He assisted Tomé de Sousa with the foundation of the city of Salvador. Salvador became the capital of the Brazilian colony. Diego died in Vila Velha (ES). Frei José de Santa Rita Durão wrote an epic poem (1781) about the person Caramurú, TV channel Globo produced a movieabout his life.
CARAMURU
Caramuru. Diogo e Paraguassu
A piece from the brazilian movie “Caramuru” (Subs & Trans)
Caramuru (1/5) – De Lá Pra Cá – 30/03/2009
Caramuru (2/5) – De Lá Pra Cá – 30/03/2009
Caramuru (3/5) – De Lá Pra Cá – 30/03/2009
Caramuru (4/5) – De Lá Pra Cá – 30/03/2009
Caramuru (5/5) – De Lá Pra Cá – 30/03/2009
Obra Rara – “Caramuru: poema épico do descobrimento da Bahia”
1988 Creation of the state of Amapá (AP).
Amapáshares borders with the state of Pará, and with neighboring countries Suriname and French Guyana. The state is located at the mouth of the Amazon river. Macapá, the state capital, is located on the equator. The size of Amapá is 3.5 times the size of The Netherlands and counts only 600 thousand inhabitants. Most of them live in the capital. The former capitania Costa do Cabo Norte suffered numerous attacks and invasion attempts by the English, French and Dutch. The borderline between Amapá and French Guyana was drawn in 1713, following the Treaty of Utrecht.
AMAPÁ (AP)
Amapá, terra das águas (Globo Repórter 2007)
Macapá Amapá (Vídeo Atualizado)
Turismo no Amapá
Macapa – Amapa – North Region – Brazil
1988 Creation of the state of Roraima (RR).
The state of Roraima (5.5 times the size of The Netherlands) is located in north Brazil, and shares borders with neighboring countries Venezuela, and Guyana, and with the states of Pará and Amazonas. Roraima counts no more than 400 thousand inhabitants, of which more than half lives in Boa Vista, the capital. The former area of Rio Branco was disputed by the English, Spanish, and Dutch. The Dutch arrived there in their search of trade opportunities and indians for slave trade. In order to withstand the foreign expeditions, the Capitania Real de São José do Rio Branco was created in 1755. Ealry 20th century the capitania lost a tiny part of its area to English Guyana.
RORAIMA (RR)
RORAIMA
Roraima, Terra de Oportunidades
Conheça um pouco mais sobre o estado de Roraima com o jornalista
Roraima – Fronteira do Brasil com bons negócios
1988 Creation of the state of Tocantins (TO).
According to the new Brazilian constitution of 1988. Tocantinsbecame separated from the state of Goiás. The state, seven times the size of The Netherlands, counts nearly 1.5 million inhabitants. Palmas, the state capital, was founded in 1989, and now counts little more than 240 thousand inhabitants.
TOCANTINS (TO)
VT Aniversário Palmas 22 anos – Uma idéia que deu certo 2011
Potencialidades do Tocantins
Palmas Tocantins (Vídeo Atualizado)
Tocantins – História Viva
1988 Publication of the eight Brazilian Constitutional Law.
The first Brazilian Constitutional Law was created by Dom Pedro I in 1824. Two years after the proclamation of the Brazilian Republic, number two was published in 1891. Number three appeared in 1934, as a reaction upon the revolutions in earlier years. Getúlio Vargas introduced number four, which followed after his declaration of the Estado Novo (1937). When his dictatorial government was ended, number five appeared in 1946. Three years after the military coup in 1964, number six was published in 1967. Less than two years later, it was rewritten in number seven. Number eight was published three years after the end of the dicatorial government in 1985.
BRAZILIAN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 1988
Saber Direito – Constituição Federal (1/5)
Saber Direito – Constituição Federal (2/5)
Saber Direito – Constituição Federal (3/5)
Saber Direito – Constituição Federal (4/5)
Saber Direito – Constituição Federal (5/5)
Oitava Constituição Brasileira entra em vigor (1988)
Discurso de Promulgação da Constituição de 88
Promulgação da Constituição de 1988 – Ulisses Guimarães
1942 Replacement of the Brazilian currency: Réis by Cruzeiro (Decreto-lei nº 4.791).
Thismonetary replacement came into effect on 1 November 1942. The centavo was introduced as one-hundredth part of the Cruzeiro. The new currency (Cr$) had the value that was equal to 1000 Réis.
CRUZEIRO
As moedas do Brasil de 1981 a 2011 – 30 anos, 5 moedas diferentes (SBT Brasil)
MOEDA BRASILEIRA DO RÉIS AO REAL
Programa Falando – A história da moeda no Brasil (Parte 1)
Programa Falando – A história da moeda no Brasil (Parte 2)
Olympic Games Montreal: bronze medal for João do Pulo (1954-1999) with triple jump.
Four years later, João would gain bronze again, in Moscow. His performance was somewhat disappointing, when regarding his achievements. He was champion in the disciplines long jump and triple jump at the Pan American Games in 1975 (he jumped a world record of 17.89 m, which was only broken ten years later) and gained triple jump gold in 1979. Additionally, he became a three-time triple jump world champion. At the age of 28, João lost one leg as a result of a traffic accident, In 1999, he died because of the consequences of liver cirrhosis.
The soccer team from Belo Horizonte beat River Plate 3-2 in the final. Cruzeiro lost its player Roberto Batata after having played the semi final against Alianza Lima from Peru. Batata died in a traffic accident. He was posthumously awarded the Libertadores medal. The Copa Libertadores competition was started in 1958. The intention was to have a tournament for the winners of the Southern American national competitions. Vasco da Gama received a wild card for the first tournament, since Brazil wasn’t having a national competition at that time. Until 2013, Argentina has won 22 times, followed by Brazil (17), Uruguay (8), Paraguay (3), Colombia (2), Ecuador and Chile (1 each). Independiente from Argentina has won 7 titles. Brazilian Libertadores winners are São Paulo (3), Santos (3), Cruzeiro (2), Grêmio (2), Internacional (2), Flamengo, Vasco, Palmeiras, Corinthians, Atlético-MG (1 each).
CRUZEIRO – RIVER PLATE
Copa Libertadores da America 1976 – Cruzeiro 3 x 2 River Plate
1930 Virgulino Ferreira da Silva (Lampião) set fire to the fazenda of coronel Joaquim José de Santana
LAMPIÃO & MARIA BONITA
Lampião O Rei do Cangaço [1964] –
Complete movie
LAMPIÃO & MARIA BONITA filme completo
Lampião – Os Nove do Angico
Filme – Meu Nome é Lampião (1969)
1978 Debut of Brazilian Formula One racer Nelson Piquet
Nelson made his debut at Hockenheimring in Germany. The race was won by Mario Andretti, and fellow Brazilian racer Emerson Fittipaldi became fourth. Nelson was confronted with engine problems and had to leave the race after 31 laps.
NELSON PIQUET 1978
Formula One German GP 1978
German GP 1978
2000 First Formula One victory for Rubens Barrichello at the circuit of Hockenheim (Germany)
British racer David Coulthard started from pole position. Team mate Michael Schumacher collided with Fisichella in the first lap. It was Rubens’s first victory in Formula One.
RUBENS BARRICHELLO 2000
F1 Hockenheim 2000 – Rubens Barrichello First Win
Pódium Barrichello Alemanha 2000
2005 Population of the state of São Paulo reached the number of 40 million people
2008 Gilberto Gil stepped down as minister of Culture.
MINISTRO GILBERTO GIL
Ministro Gilberto Gil fala sobre o Mais Cultura
Entrevista com o ex-ministro da Cultura Gilberto Gil
Dia da Marinha Brasileira (Brazilian Navy). On 11 June 1865, the battle at Riachuelo, on the Paraná River, took place. This battle became the turning point in the war of the Triple Alliance (Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil) against Paraguay). At present the Brazilian Navy has to defend more than 7000 km of coastal area, as well as 55 thousand square km of waterways. The Brazilian territorial waters are also known as ‘Amazônia Azul‘, the ‘Blue Amazon’, because of the enormous area that is almost half of the size of the Brazilian mainland.
Dia do Educador Sanitário (Health educator). The health educator, specialized in hygiene, is very important for informing the poor about the responsible use of water and about biological waste.
Dia do Motociclismo) (Motor cycling, RJ)
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1970 Abduction of the West German ambassador von Holleben.
The ambassador, Ehrenfried von Holleben, was abducted in Rio de Janeiro by members of the ALN and VPR. One of Holleben’s bodyguards was killed in action. The kidnappers demanded the release of 40 prisoners who had to be transported to Algeria, Chile or Mexico, and the publication of a revolutionary manifest. One of the prisoners was convicted for his involvement in the abduction of the American ambassador Charles Burke Elbrick in 1969. De Brazilian government gave in, the prisoners were released and flown to Algeria. Five days later, the ambassador was released, unharmed.
1865 Battle at Riachuelo.
This battle, on the Paraná River, was a turning point in the war of the Triple Alliance (Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay) against Paraguay (1864-1870). Early in this bloody war (about 400 thousand deaths), Paraguay was winning the battles. They wanted to defeat the Brazilian Navy, which transported troops to the battlefield, with a surprise attack and force the victory in this war. The Paraguayan commander ordered to attack at dawn, but due to technical problems, the Paraguayan navy fleet only reached the Brazilian navy fleet around noon. Initially, the Brazilian fleet was about to lose the battle, but the strength of the Brazilian navy was superior to that of the Paraguayan navy. Some vessels of the Paraguayan navy were sunk before they retreated. This battle became decisive and eventually led to the total defeat of the Paraguayan armed forces in 1870.
1855
Start of the construction of Estrada de Ferro Central.
The Estrada de Ferro central was a network of railways that connected the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Minas Gerais with each other. At present, almost all these railways have been eliminated, thanks to the competition with road transport and aviation.
1826
Sea battle of Los Pozes.
Argentinian admiral Brown, who commanded four vessels, expelled a larger number of vessels of the Brazilian navy that blocked the harbor of Buenos Aires.
1808 Opening of the Brazilian harbors to befriended nations.
This decree was complementary to the Carta Régia.
1891 First constitution of the state of Alagoas
1990 Start of the circulation of Cr$ 5.000,00 banknotes with the portrait of Carlos Gomes
2001 Coach of the Brazilian soccer team Emerson Leão fired.
2003 Brazilian Cup for soccer club Cruzeiro.
Cruzeiro beat Flamengo 3 x 1.
2005 First phase of the National Vaccination Campaign against Polio
2007 Announcement of revitalization actions of the São Francisco River in the state of Minas Gerais.
