Brazilian Days 285
October 12
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DAY OF:
Dia da Nossa Senhora Aparecida
(Our Lady of Apparition). We go back to 1717, when the rivers were still clean enough to contain large amounts of fish. Fishermen Domingos Garcia, Felipe Pedroso and João Alves caught a remarkable object in their nets in the Paraíba River (state of São Paulo). It was a dark, headless statue. Their second catch was the missing head. The two pieces were parts of the statue of Nossa Senhora Aparecida. Their third and forth catches were suddenly rich in fish. For about fifteen years, Pedroso kept the statue in his house. Already some pilgrims visited him. A chapel was built, and a little more than a century later, in 1834, the so-called Basílica Velha was constructed. In 1929, Nossa Senhora Aparecida was declared Queen and patron saint of Brazil, by Pope Pius XI. In 1955, due to the increasing number of pilgrims, a start was made with the construction of Basílica Nova (by architect Benedito Calixto de Jesus Neto), which is only a bit smaller (a cross shape of 173 x 168 meters) than Saint Peter in Rome. At present, more than seven million pilgrims visit the Basílica.
Some miracles are considered to be related to the statue:
A burning candle that did not extinguish.
The spontaneous opening chains that liberated a slave.
An infidel horseman who did not manage to force his horse to enter the chapel.
A blind girl who instantly was able to see the Basílica.
A young boy who could not swim, but was kept above the water surface in the rapids.
A prayer of a hunter that made a jaguar run.
At noon, fireworks will be ignited throughout Brazil. It is believed that the statue was brought to the surface at this time.
NOSSA SENHORA APARECIDA
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| O encontro da imagem de Nossa Senhora Aparecida |
Aparecida O Milagre, Filme Nacional baseado em fatos reais |
| 12 de Outubro – Dia de Nossa Senhora Aparecida |
Consagração Solene a Nossa Senhora Aparecida dia 12 de outubro |
Dia da Criança
(Child). Dia da Criança is – next to Christmas, Easter and Independence Day – one of the principal Brazilian feast days. The idea for ‘Dia da Criança’ was introduced by federal congressman Galdino do Valle Filho, in the early twenties of the past century. On 5 November 1924, president Arthur Bernardes issued the decree (No. 4867) that ‘Dia da Criança’ should be held on 12 October. In the same year, the first worldwide Declaration of Child’s Rights (World Child Welfare Charter) was formulated and ratified by more than fifty nations of the League of Nations:
The child must be given the means requisite for its normal development, both materially and spiritually;
The child that is hungry must be fed; the child that is sick must be nursed; the child that is backward must be helped; the delinquent child must be reclaimed; and the orphan and the waif must be sheltered and succored;
The child must be the first to receive relief in times of distress;
The child must be put in a position to earn a livelihood, and must be protected against every form of exploitation;
The child must be brought up in the consciousness that its talents must be devoted to the service of fellow men.
The Dia da Criança as Brazilians know now, only exists since 1960. In that year, commercial manager Eber Alfred Goldberg of toy factory Estrela, in cooperation with Johnson & Johnson, introduced the ‘week of the healthy baby’ (“Semana do Bebê Robusto”), with the intention to generate a significant boost upon sales numbers of toys. At present, shopping days prior to Dia da Criança provide such a turnover, which is only exceeded by the period prior to Christmas.
As crianças são o ornamento da vida neste mundo.
Textos Islâmicos
DIA DA CRIANÇA
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| Parada Dia da Criança do SBT 1988 Parte I |
Parada Dia da Criança do SBT 1988 Parte II |
| 1.11 – Parada do Dia das Crianças – Festival SBT 30 Anos 14-05-2011 |
História da programação infantil do SBT |
| Jornal Futura Reportagem Dia das Crianças |
Rede Globo Tv Integração -Especial Tv Globinho dia das crianças 2010 |
Dia do Mar
(Sea). Seas and oceans have played significant roles in world history. The Romans, who had control of the Mediterranean Sea (Mare Nostrum: Our Sea). The Spanish and Portuguese Empires, who divided the New World between themselves, through the Treaty of Tordesilhas. The South Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean for the Portuguese, The North Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean for the Spanish. In the 17th century, a Dutch lawyer Hugo Grotius (Hugo de Groot: 1583-1645) published his book ‘Mare Liberum‘ (1608), in which he stated that territorial water should not extend more than a few miles from the shoreline. The rest of the oceans should be considered as international territory.
MARE LIBERUM
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| Mare nostrum, mare clausum, mare liberum |
Mare Liberum 1609-2009 Hugo de Groot – recht op zee |
Dia do Descobrimento da América
(Discovery of America). Almost everyone knows that Columbus discovered America in 1492, but who knows the exact date? It was on 12 October. The Genoese discoverer Cristóvão Colombo had the plan to find a shorter route to the Indies, by sailing westward. In Genua, he was considered to be mad. In Portugal, his plans were rejected, but he had success in Spain. On 3 August 1492, Colombo departed with three caravels: Niña, Pinta, and Santa Maria. The American continent was reached on 12 October, the island was named San Salvador (Holy Savior). The cartographic work and detailed reports by Amérigo Vespucci were honored by naming the newly discovered continent after the famous navigator.
DISCOVERY OF AMERICA
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| 1492 Conquest of Paradise (1992) |
The discovery of America (spanish close captioned) |
Dia de Cristóvão Colombo
(Christopher Columbus). Hard to miss… The discoverer of America. A man who created a turning point in world history with his ideas. What kind of world would have been, if Genoa or Portugal had accepted his ideas or proposals? It was Spain who claimed the American continent first. Columbus (1451-1506) has become an important personality in human history, with a number of mysteries and controversies. From hero to villain, from very rich to very poor. Only recently, one of the mysteries was solved: the exact location of his remains is in Sevilla.
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS
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| All About Christopher Columbus |
AHC ~ Christopher Columbus ~ Full video |
Dia da Hispanidade
(Spanish Identity). This day is celebrated predominantly in the Spanish-speaking countries in Central and Southern America. The day is also mentioned on the Brazilian calendar, but there are no celebrations.
HISPANIDAD
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| 12 de Octubre, Dia de la Hispanidad |
12 Octubre día de la Hispanidad |
| las hispanidad en el mundo/Hispanic in the world. |
12 DE OCTUBRE DIA DE LA RAZA EXTINGUIDA |
Dia da Raça das Américas
(American Race). With the arrival of Spanish discoverers, followed by Spanish colonists and expeditions, the decline of the established tribes and empires of ‘indians’ on the American continent was started. The highly developed civilizations of Incas, Mayas, and Aztecs were destroyed completely. Even now, the aboriginal people are not completely respected…
RAÇA AMERICANA
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| 500 Nations The Story of Native Americans – 1 |
500 Nations The Story of Native Americans – 2 |
| 500 Nations The Story of Native Americans – 3 |
500 Nations The Story of Native Americans – 4 |
| America Before Columbus |
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Dia do Basquete
(Basketball). In the long winter of 1891, Canadian professor James Naismith wrote the basic rules of basketball. This was requested by school manager Luther Halsey Gullick, in the American state of Massachusetts. The first college match was held on 11 March 1892. Brazil was one of the first countries outside the United States, where basketball was introduced. Augusto Shaw studied at Yale University in 1892, when he got acquainted with basketball for the first time. In 1895, he received an invitation of Colégio Kennedy (São Paulo) , to give lectures. He brought his study books and a basketball to Brazil. Obviously, the basketball game was almost immediately accepted by women, while men had some doubts about it. They were more interested in soccer. In 1992, the Brazilian national team played their first match, at the day of the centenary of Brazilian independence.
BASKETBALL
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| Globo Esporte – Dia do Basquete |
Sports History: Basketball |
| James Naismith’s Founding Rules of Basketball |
Harlem Globetrotters Best Tricks |
Dia Nacional do Engenheiro Agrônomo
(Agronomist). Decree 23.196 came into effect in 1933. In this decree, the profession of agronomist was described, as one of the first professions in Brazil that is described by law. In order to work as an agronomist, graduates are obliged to register themselves at the Conselhos Regionais de Engenharia, Arquitetura e Agronomia ( CREA: regional councils for engineers, architects, and agronomists). The first practical program dates back from 1812. The first engineering program was opened in 1877: Imperial Escola Agrícola da Bahia.
AGRÔNOMO
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| Dia do Engenheiro Agrônomo |
|Curiosidades| Engenheiro Agrônomo Profissão |
| Faz o Quê? – Agronomia – Bloco I |
Faz o Quê? – Agronomia – Bloco II |
| Faz o Quê? – Agronomia – Bloco III |
Faz o Quê? – Agronomia – Bloco IV |
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1931
Inauguration of the Cristo Redentor statue in Rio de Janeiro.
On seven-seven-seven, Cristo Redentor was proclaimed as one of the seven modern world wonders. The statue is located on top of the Corcovado Mountain. Already in 1859, there was an idea to create a religious monument on top of the Corcovado. In 1885, the railway to the top of the Corcovado was completed. The railway was suitable for the transport of construction materials and – at a later time – tourists. In 1921, there was a serious proposal to construct Cristo Redentor. It was intended to have its inauguration on the day of the centenary of Brazilian independence, on 7 September 1922. On 4 April 1922, the cornerstone was placed. In 1923, engineer Heitor da Silva Costa won the design contest. During the Week of the Monument, money was collected. In 1926, the construction of Cristo Redentor was started. The final touches were performed by Carlos Oswald and the French artist Paul Landowski. Italian scientist Guglielmo Marconi was invited to inaugurate the illumination. From his yacht in Naples, he sent an electric signal that was transferred through England to Rio. Unfortunately, bad weather conditions made this attempt unsuccessful. In 1980, the monument underwent rigorous restoration, while more touristic facilities were implemented in 2000.
CRISTO REDENTOR
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| Estatua do Cristo Redentor 1 |
Estatua do Cristo Redentor 2 |
| Estatua do Cristo Redentor 3 |
Estatua do Cristo Redentor 4 |
| Cristo Redentor, Corcovado no Rio – Projeto e Construção, Parte 1 |
Cristo Redentor, Corcovado no Rio – Projeto e Construção, Parte 2 |
| Cristo Redentor, Corcovado no Rio – Projeto e Construção, Parte 3 |
Cristo Redentor no Rio completa 80 anos • 12/10/2011 |
1965
Inauguration of Aterro do Flamengo Park in Rio de Janeiro.
The official name of the park is Parque Brigadeiro Eduardo Gomes. The park provides excellent views on Pão de Açúcar (Sugar Loaf) and Corcovado. The 100 hectare park contains areas for playing soccer, skating, and flying with model airplanes. There is ample space for playgrounds and theater plays. Inside the park, one may find restaurants, kiosks, and two museums: Marina da Glória and Museu de Arte Moderna
ATERRO DO FLAMENGO
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| História do Aterro do Flamengo |
Primeiro dia da Rio+20 no Aterro do Flamengo – Jornal Rio Carioca |
| FLY AEROMODELOS – Voo no Aterro do Flamengo |
dia mundial sem carro. aterro do flamengo dia 18 09 11. rede globo |
1909
Foundation of Coritiba Foot Ball Club.
Coritiba is the oldest soccer club of Curitiba, and of the state of Paraná. The foundation of Coritiba was an initiative of Frederico Essenfelder, nicknamed Fritz, who was member of Clube Ginástico Teuto-Brasileiro, and who introduced the soccer game from Rio Grande do Sul. Two weeks later, the newly founded team played its first match against a selection of English railroad workers. Best achievement of Coritiba is the Brazilian Championship in 1985. Mascot of the Coritiba is Vovô (opa) Coxa, since the club is the oldest in the state of Paraná.
CORITIBA
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| Documentáiro – Coritiba 100 anos de glórias, 100 anos de história |
Coritiba 101 anos de Glória e História |
| HISTÓRIA DO CORITIBA |
Final do Campeonato Brasileiro 1985 – HQ – COXA CAMPEAO DE 1985 – Coritiba x Bangu |
1808
Creation of Banco do Brasil.
In 1808, when Portuguese king Dom João VI arrived in Brazil, he founded the Banco do Brasil. The bank had the task to issue and distribute money. In 1926, the first bank office was opened in Rio de Janeiro, followed by the first office in São Paulo in 1927. Both locations are now cultural centers of the bank. At present, Banco de Brasil has more van 25 million bank accounts, and is one of the largest banks in Brazil.
YouTube Channel Banco do Brasil
BANCO DO BRASIL
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| Banco do Brasil 200 anos |
Banco do Brasil |
| DO BRASIL Comercial Banco do Brasil |
Campanha BB – Eu Faço Acontecer – 60s |
| Trabalhadores nos 200 anos do BB – 12/10/2008 (atualizado) |
Passeio Virtual – Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil |
1822
Official declaration of Brazilian independence; Dom Pedro proclaimed as emperor Pedro I
This declaration of independence followed the action of Dom Pedro on 7 September 1822, when he declared the Brazilian independence in Ipiranga (SP). Pedro I was crowned as emperor on 1 December 1822.
BRAZILIAN INDEPENDENCE
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| Fantástico – Independência do Brasil – parte 01 |
Fantástico – Independência do Brasil – parte 02 |
1798
Birth of Dom Pedro I (1798-1834).
Pedro de Alcântara Francisco Antônio João Carlos Xavier de Paula Miguel Rafael Joaquim José Gonzaga Pascoal Cipriano Serafim de Bragança e Bourbon was born in Queluz Palace in Lisbon. Thirty-six years later, he died there. In 1801, Pedro was declared crown prince of Portugal. At the age of nine, he – together with his family and the Court – departed for Brazil, where he spent his childhood. Pedro tuned out to be a rebellious boy who did not behave like a crown prince at all. His bohemian lifestyle resulted in five children and thirteen bastard children. In 1822, Pedro proclaimed the independence of Brazil; at the age of 24, he was crowned as emperor of Brazil. After the death of his father, Dom João VI, Pedro was king of Portugal for a few months. His daughter Maria succeeded him. In 1831, Pedro abdicated, and was succeeded by his son Pedro. Pedro I returned to Portugal for treatment of TB.
DOM PEDRO I
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| Dom Pedro I – Série “Construtores do Brasil” – TV Câmara |
Emperor Pedro I of Brazil |
| O Reporte da História – Dom Pedro I |
pedro I emperador del brasil |
1835
Diogo Antônio Feijó (1784-1843) appointed as regent of the Brazilian Empire.
Padre Diogo already had had a number of political and public positions, before he was appointed as Minister of Justice, after the abdication of emperor Dom Pedro I, in 1831. He quickly stepped down, due to a political disagreement. In 1833, Padre Diogo was appointed as senator of the state of Rio de Janeiro. In 1835, he became Regente Único do Reino, until 1837. Padre Diogo then had a number of positions, among which the coronation of emperor Dom Pedro II. His participation in the 1842 Liberal Revolution resulted in imprisonment for some months.
By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Inside Brazil 