Brazilian Days 259
September 16
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DAY OF:
Dia Internacional para Preservação da Camada de Ozônio
(International Day of the Protection of the Ozone layer). On September 16, 1978, the Protocol of Montreal was signed, banning the use of CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) in phases. This day was introduced in 1995 by the General Assembly of the UN. In 1973, the scientists Frank Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina demonstrated the influence of CFC in the atmosphere. They proved that these molecules are able to destroy ozone molecules in the higher layers of the atmosphere: the stratosphere. In addition, Dutch scientist Paul Crutzen demonstrated that nitrogen monoxide may accelerate this destruction. In 1995, the three scientists received a Nobel prize for their discoveries. The famous gap in the ozone layer above Antarctica appeared to shrink, but reached its maximum in 2006: 26 million square kilometers.
Animation about the consequences of ozone depletion (not recommended for minors!)
The ozone layer on 24 September 24 2006,
reaching an all-time maximum
OZONE DEPLETION
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| Globo Ecologia: Camada de Ozônio |
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Dia da Conservação e Fertilidade do Solo
(Protection and Fertilization of the Soil). This day is also held on April 15.
SOIL CONSERVATION
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| UPF TV: Conservação do Solo |
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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1965
Foundation of Embratel.
Embratel is Brazil’s second largest telecommunication company. Embratel stands for Empresa Brasileira de Telecomunicações S.A. At the time of its creation in 1965, Brazil counted a little more than one million telephones, and a few telegraph lines. in 1969, Embratel realized the first satellite connection. The first satellite message was the blessing by pope Paul VI, from Rome. One year later, Brazilians were able to receive direct broadcasts of the soccer matches during the World Cup in Mexico. In 1972, there was the first broadcast in color. During the eighties of the past century, international communication lines was able by satellites and cables in the Atlantic Ocean. In the nineties academic centers were connected with each other by fast optic fiber cables. In 1998, Embratel was privatized and sold to the American MCI Telecommunications. In 2004, the company was bought by the Mexican Telmex. Embratel is registered at the Bovespa stock exchange in São Paulo.
EMBRATEL
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| EMBRATEL |
Clipe de abertura das transmissões da Copa do Mundo do México – 1970 |
1817
Creation of the Capitania de Alagoas.
The area of the tiny Brazilian state Alagoas – slightly smaller than Belgium – was occupied by the French in 1535, followed by the Portuguese. The Dutch invaded Alagoas from neighboring Pernambuco and occupied it from 1630 to 1645. Then Alagoas was reconquered by the Portuguese again. In 1706, Alagoas became a comarca, a district. Only at the end of the colonial era, it became a capitania. On June 11, 1891, the constitutional law was signed and Alagoas became a Brazilian state. The capital of Alagoas is Maceió, widely known for its beautiful beaches.
Maceió, capital of Alagoas
ALAGOAS (AL)
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| Alagoas é Bonito Demais |
Maceió a Maragogi Alagoas é assim |
| TERRA DE ALAGOAS |
Tourism Alagoas |
By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Inside Brazil 