Brazilian Days (086): March 27

Brazilian Days 086 

March 27

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DAY OF:

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Dia Mundial do Circo
(World Circus Day)

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Dia do Teatro
(Theater)

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Dia do Serviço de Saúde
(Health Service)

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1810
Liberation of ambulant trade in Brazil

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1858
Inauguration of the railway (estrada do ferro, now Central do Brasil) by Dom Pedro II

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1953
Realization of the biggest strike during the government of Getúlio Vargas, by more than 300 thousands workers in São Paulo.

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1989
Start of Domingão do Faustão,with Fausto Silva

Brazilian broadcast Globo launched the program, in their attempt to gain viewers from Sílvio Santos during Sunday afternoons.

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2002
Shirt used by Pelé at the 1970 World Cup sold for approximately 520 thousand reais.

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1968
Inactivation of the final tram lines in the city of São Paulo

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2004
Confession by mechanic Francisco das Chagas of the killing of 12 children in the state of Maranhão

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2006
Acceptance of demisison of Antònio Palocci, by President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Brazilian Days (070): March 11

Brazilian Days 070 

March 11

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DAY OF:

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Dia Estadual do Motociclista
(Motor cyclist (in the state of São Paulo).

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1900
Death of physician, politician and spiritist leader Adolpho Bezerra de Menezes

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1808
Creation of Tesouro Nacional (National Treasury)

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1808
Nomination of Visconde (viscount) de Anadia as the first Minister of Navy

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1942
Confiscation of the financial assets of Germans and Italians,  per decree by President Getúlio Vargas

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1970
Sequestration of the Japanese Consul-General in Brazil, Nobuo Okushi.
He was released four days later, in exchange for eight political prisoners.

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1822
Birth of Januária Maria, daughter of Empress Leopoldina and Dom Pedro I.

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1852
Birth of Brazilian writer Carmen Dolores

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1939
Registration of the first Pardo-Suiço cow, in Petrópolis (RJ)
Eighty percent of Brazilian cattle are of the zebu type, and twenty percent of the European type. The Pardo-Suiço race belongs to the European type.

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1963
Birth of Marcos César Pontes, the first Brazilian astronaut 

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1988
Creation of National Forest (FLONA) of Ibirama (SC), per Decreto (decree) n° 95.818.

The park is located in the state of Santa Catarina and measures 570 hectares.

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1990
Ayrton Senna (McLaren) won the Grand Prix of Phoenix (USA)

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2003
Death of Brazilian caricaturist Miécio Caffé

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2003
Tigress of the ZOO in Brasília killed employee Edson Nunes

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2003
Discovery of petroleum near the coastline of Sergipe, by Petrobrás

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2004
House of Representatives approved the use of guns by municipal guards in cities with more than 50 thousand inhabitants.

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2005
Creation of an ecological corridor between the parks of Serra das Confusões and Serra da Capivara (PI)

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2005
Sequestration of Sandra Clemente, mother of soccer player Luís Fabiano.

She was released on 12 May 2005.

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2007
Bandits attacked during a show of band Chiclete com Banana, at Credicard Hall in São Paulo.

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2007
Sequestration of judge Paulo Zacarias in Maceió.
He was released one day later.

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Brazilian Days (055): February 24

Brazilian Days 055 

February 24

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DAY OF:

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1613
Death of captain Baltazar de Aragão de Souza in a battle against French buccaneers. 

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1684
Beckman Revolution in Maranhão

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1891
Introduction of the Second Constitution (Constituinte).

It was the first constitution of the Republic of the United States of Brazil.

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1897
Inauguration of Palácio do Catete, in Rio de Janeiro

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1932
New election law by Getúlio Vargas

The new law included secret voting, and voting rights for women.

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1932
Creation of Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE)

The Supreme Electoral Court was installed on 20 May 1932.

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1972
Introduction of a National Tele-education Program.

It was called programa nacional de teleducação.

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1972
Big fire at Edifício Andraus, São Paulo, resulting in 16 deaths. 

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1984
‘Diretas, Já!’ demonstration in Belo Horizonte.

More than 300 thousand people participated in this protest march for free and direct presidential elections.

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2003
Launch of the cornerstone of the Auditório do Parque Ibirapuera, São Paulo.

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2003
Wave of terror by members of Comando Vermelho (‘Red Command’) in Rio de Janeiro

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2006
Theft of art pieces of Picasso, Matisse, Monet and Dali, from Museu Chácara do Céu, Rio de Janeiro

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Brazilian Days (031): January 31

Brazilian Days 031 

January 31

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DAY OF:

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Dia Mundial do Mágico

(World Magician’s Day). The day refers to the death of São João Bosco, who was magician in his life. He was canonized in 1934, and elected patron saint of the magicians.

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1946
Inauguration of Dutra as president of Brazil. 

He was the first to wear a uniform during the ceremony.

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1948
Explosion of a train wagon carrying five tons of dynamite at Cerquilho (SP).

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1951
Start of the second mandate of Getúlio Vargas as president of Brazil.

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1951
Juscelino Kubitschek inaugurated as governor of the state of Minas Gerais.

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1956
Juscelino Kubitschek inaugurated as president of Brazil.

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1961
Jânio Quadros inaugurated as president of Brazil.

He stepped down on 25 August 1961.

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1987
Carlos Drummond de Andrade’s last poem :”Elegia a um tucano morto”

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1989
Substitution of the cruzado by cruzado novo as Brazilian currency unit, by Lei nº 773

  

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2008
Inauguration of the monument at Apucarana (PR).

The monument represents a nine meter high hat.

  

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2008
Samba school Viradouro prohibited to use Adolf Hitler as theme during carnival in Rio de Janeiro.

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (029): January 29

Brazilian Days 029 

January 29

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DAY OF:

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Dia da Loteria

(Lottery).

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Dia da Hospitalidade

(Hospitality).

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Dia do Jornalista (Católico)

((Catholic) journalist).

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1890
Recognition of the Brazilian Republic by the United States of America.

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1905
Death of abolitionist José do Patrocínio.

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1911
Inauguration of the first tram service in Joinville (SC).

  

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1940
Death of Pedro de Alcântara de Orleans e Bragança, oldest son of princess Isabel

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1943
Meeting of President Getúlio Vargas with President Roosevelt in Natal (RN)

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1960
Visit of Brasília by Eisenhower, president of the United States.

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1981
Announcement of Émerson Fitipaldi to leave Formula One.

The word champion continued his racing career in the Indy discipline.

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1993
Start of the circulation of Cr$ 500.000,00 banknotes, with the portrait of Mário de Andrade

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1995
Explosion of a fireworks store in São Paulo caused 15 deaths.

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2002
Start of the first broadcast of Big Brother Brasil by TV Globo

  

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2006
Imprisonment of Simone Cassiano, the mother who left her baby floating in Pampulha Lake (Belo Horizonte).

 

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Brazilian Days (018): January 18

Brazilian Days 018 

January 18

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DAY OF:

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Dia Internacional do Riso

(International Smile Day). The World Smile Day, created in 1963, is on the first Friday in October. This day is founded by the World Smile Cooperation, which was owned by Harvey Ball (1921-2001), creator of the smiley. The Brazilian Smile Day is on 6 November. However, the International Smile Day is also marked on 18 January, according to various Brazilian sources.
When we smile, we use 12 facial muscles, and when we laugh we move 24 muscles. When we talk and laugh at the same time, we use 84 muscles. Meanwhile, the laugh is not restricted to the face, it involves the entire body. According to dermatologists, laughing slows down the appearance of facial wrinkles.

  

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1696
Creation of Freguesia de São João Batista de Icaraí (now district within Niterói, RJ), by Alvará.

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1823
Creation of Batalhão do Imperador (Imperial Batallion) by emperor Dom Pedro I

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1892
Inauguration of the first sugar factory in the state of Alagoas.

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1913
Inauguration of the cable train track Morro da Urca – Pão de Açúcar, Rio de Janeiro.

This track is the second part of the track Urca – Pão de Açúcar.

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1951
Getúlio Vargas proclaimed president of Brazil, by the Justiça Eleitoral (electoral court).

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1965
Decree defined 9 June as  ‘Dia Nacional de Anchieta ‘ (National Anchieta Day).

The day refers to the death of Padre (father) Anchieta on 9 June 1597. Padre Anchieta was one of the founders of the cities of São Paulo (1554) and Rio de Janeiro (1565).

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1980
Bomb deactivated in Leonel Brizola’s apartment in  Hotel Everest, Rio de Janeiro.

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1984
Launch of presidential election campaign of candidate Paulo Maluf.

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1985
Athlete Joaquim Cruz elected as best Latin American Athlete 1984.

This was announced by Federação Latino-Americana e do Caribe de Jornalistas Desportivos (Latin American and Caribbean Federation of Sports Journalists)

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1988
End of energy rationing in the Northeast.

The rationing of electric energy had started on 1 March 1987.

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2000
Oil leakage in Guanabara Bay

About 1.3 million liters of oil was leaked in the bay. Petrobrás was held responsible for this leakage.

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2001
Vasco da Gama Brazilian Soccer Champion 2000.

That year, the competition was called Copa João Havelange. No less than 116 teams entered this competition at 4 different levels. The final was between São Caetano (SP) and Vasco da Gama (RJ). The first match had ended in a 1-1 draw. The second match, on 30 december 2000, was interrupted when a separation fence collapsed and caused more than 150 wounded. The replay of the second match was on 18 January, and resulted in a 3-1 victory for Vasco, gaining their fourth national title.

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2005
Start of Ano do Brasil (Year of Brazil) in France. 

In Brazil, Ano da França (Year of France) was in 2009.

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2007
First Taça das Nações Indígenas de Futebol (Indigenous Nations’ Soccer Cup) in Juiz de Fora (MG).

The cup was disputed by 19 Brazilian ethnic indian tribes. The 26 matches resulted in 100 goals. Winner was Xerente of the state of Tocantins.

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Brazilian Days (003): January 3

Brazilian Days 003 

January 3
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DAY OF:

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Dia do Juiz de Menores
(Juvenile judge)

  

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1558
Installation of Mem de Sá as Governor-general of Brazil

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1615
French colonists ousted from Maranhão by the Portuguese.

  

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1898
Brazilian politician Luís Carlos Prestes became Secretary-General of the Partido Comunista Brasileiro (Brazilian Communist Party).

  

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1938
Nationwide broadcast of the radio program ‘A Hora do Brasil’.

The program, already on air since 22 July 1935 under the name ‘A Voz do Brasil’, and regained the original name on 6 September 1946.

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1959

Start of the production of Volkswagen Beetle in Brazil.

In Brazil, this brand is called ‘Fusca’.

  

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1983
First broadcast of Praça TV, by Rede Globo.

  

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1983
First broadcast of Bom Dia Brasil, by Globo.

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1984
Departure of ‘Barão de Teffé’, a Brazilian research vessel, to Antarctica, in order to establish the first Brazilian research station on the continent.

  

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1987
Aviation accident in Ivory Coast involving an airplane of Varig.

Varig flight 797, with a Boeing 707, had departed from Abidjan (Ivory Coast) on its way to Rio de Janeiro. Soon after the departure, there were problems with one of the motors. When returning to the airport, the plane crashed in the jungle, at 18 km from the airport. There was only one survivor of the 39 passengers and 12 crew members.

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2005
The city of Criciúma (Santa Catarina) hit by a tornado.

  

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (364): December 30

Brazilian Days 364

December 30

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DAY OF:

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…

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1905
Creation of the third, and actual, Banco do Brasil

On 12 October 1808, Dom João VI, King of Portugal, opened the first Banco do Brasil in Rio de Janeiro. He and his family were in exile during the French occupation of Portugal. In 1853, the second Banco do Brasil was opened, as a result of the merger between Banco do Brasil de Mauá (former first Banco do Brasil) with Banco Comercial do Rio de Janeiro. Per decree 1.455 of 30 December 1905, Banco do Brasil was created again, and was reopened on 3 July the following year.

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1992
Suspension of political rights of former president Fernando Collor, by the Senate.

  

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1937
Decree by President Getúlio Vargas transformed the political parties into beneficiary and cultural societies.

 

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2014

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Brazilian Days (337): December 3

Brazilian Days 337

December 3

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Selecionador de Pessoal

(Headhunter).

  

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Dia Internacional dos Deficientes Físico

(International Day of People with Disability). In 1976, the UN General Assembly proclaimed 1981 as the International Year of Disabled People, and the period 1983-1992 as the Decade of Disabled Peoples. Since 1992, 3 December is promoted as the International Day of Persons with Disabilities. Over one billion people, about 15 percent of the world’s population, live with some form of disability. Most of them face physical, social, economic and attitudinal barriers that exclude them from participating fully and effectively as equal members of society. In 2006, the Convention on the Rights of People with Disability was adopted by the UN General Assembly. The Convention is intended as a human rights instrument with an explicit, development dimension.

Theme for 2013:
“Break Barriers, Open Doors: for an inclusive society and development for all”

  

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1990
Death of actress Henriette Morineau (1908-1990)

Henriette Fernande Zoé Morineau was born in Niort, France. She quickly became interested in literature and its interpretation. She started to have drama classes, and in 1926, she started a tour through France, with Comédie Française. Three years later, Henriette made a tour through various European countries, and met Georges Mourineau. She married him, when she arrived in Rio de Janeiro in 1930. In 1942, she participated in a tour through South America, with a repertoire of five theater pieces. In 1946, she founded the company Os Artistas Unidos, which organized theater pieces  for children and adults. Henriette also acted in movies such as ‘O Comprador de Fazendas’ (1951), ‘Presença da Anita’ (1951), and a TV series ‘Água Viva’ (1980).

  

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2000
First place in ATP World Ranking for Gustavo Kuerten.

Guga reached the first place after his victory against André Agassi in the Master Cup, in Lisbon.

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1530
Departure of Martim Afonso de Sousa, from Lisbon.

Martim became the founder of the first city in Brazil: São Vicente (SP), on 21 January 1532.

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1902
Death of President Prudente de Moraes.

The third president, and the first directly elected, died in Piracicaba (SP), at the age of 61. Prudente succeeded Floriano Peixoto on 15 November 1894 as President of Brazil, and stayed in office until the end of his mandate on 15 November 1898.

  

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1904
Birth of Roberto Marinho, former owner of Organizações Globo.

Roberto Marinho was one of the participating lieutenants in the 1922 Copacabana Revolt, but he left the fortress early. He inherited Globo newspaper, founded by his father Irineu in 1925. The radio division (Rádio Globo) was founded in 1944. On 26 April 1965, Roberto founded Rede Globo, with has become the largest broadcast corporation in Brazil, and the second largest in the world. His son Roberto Irineu Marinho (1947) became the new owner in 2003.

    

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1937
Dissolution of Ação Integralista by President Getúlio Vargas.

  

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1994
Dayvison André da Silva, 13 years, managed to escape from his prison

Dayvison was kept prisoner in the prison for two years and six months, in the city of São Bernardo do Campo, em São Paulo.

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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Brazilian Days (328): November 24

Brazilian Days 328

November 24

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DAY OF:

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Dia Mundial do Vovô

(Grandfather). In Brazil, the grandparent’s day was celebrated on 26 July, the feast day of the saints Ana and Joaquim, parents of Maria, grandparents of Jesus. Some sources mention 26 July as Dia da Vovó (grandmother) and 24 November as Dia do Vovô (grandfather).

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Dia Nacional dos Rios

(Rivers).

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Dia do Quadro Auxiliar de Oficiais

(Officers’ Support Unit). This army unit was created per presidential decree (84.333) on 20 December 1979. Antônio João Ribeiro had been chosen as patron of this army unit. Lieutenant Antônio João Ribeiro, born on 23 November 1823, was leading a small reconnaissance unit of 15 soldiers, in order to gather information of the advancing Paraguayan invasion army, at the start of the Paraguayan War. He ordered to have the civilians evacuated and fought against the invaders until his death on 29 December 1964. His famous words were:

Sei que morro, mas meu sangue e o dos meus companheiros servirá de protesto solene contra a invasão do solo de minha Pátria.
I know that I’ll die, but my blood and that of my comrades will serve as a solemn protest against the invasion of my motherland.

  

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1631
Olinda (PE) set on fire by Dutch invaders.

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1825
Departure of Dom Pedro I to participate in the Platina War, in Uruguay.

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1861
Birth of poet João Cruz e Sousa.

  

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1935
Soldiers of the ANL (Aliança Nacional Libertadora) seized power in Recife during the  Intentona Comunista (Communist Conspiracy),

Intentona Comunista, also known as Revolta Vermelha de 35 (the 1935 Red Uprising) or Levante Comunista (Comunist Uprising), started in November 1935 with a coup attempt against President Getúlio Vargas. The uprising started in Natal, extended to Recife, and ended in Rio de Janeiro. The ANL, led by Luis Carlos Prestes, gained little support from the people and the army. The rebels were defeated, and as a result the state of siege was declared by Vargas at the end of 1935. He managed to strengthen his power and remained in office until 1945

  

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1937
Federal intervention in all Brazilian states – except Minas Gerais – per decree by president Getúlio Vargas. 

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By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
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