(United Nations Day). This day marks the day in 1945 when the UN Charter entered into force. The UN day has been celebrated since 1948. In 1971, the General Assembly of the UN recommended the member states to have this day observed as a public holiday.
UNITED NATIONS DAY
The United Nations: It’s Your World
United Nations Day: The Millenium Development Goals
Dia Internacional da Informação sobre o Desenvolvimento
(World Development Information Day). In 1972, this day was instituted by the General Assembly, in order to draw attention of world public opinion to development problems and the need to strengthen international cooperation to solve them.
“[…] Information and communications technologies have the potential to provide new solutions to development challenges, particularly in the context of globalization, and can foster economic growth, competitiveness, access to information and knowledge, poverty eradication and social inclusion […]”
General Assembly Resolution
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1669
Foundation of the city of Manaus, capital of the state of Amazonas (AM).
Manaus, slightly smaller than Flanders, is located at the confluence of the Solimões and Negro rivers. Since the discovery of the Amazon River in 1540, English, Spanish, Dutch and French invaders tried to exploit the region. Only in 1639, the Portuguese managed to expel them. In 1669, a start was made with the construction of a fortification. At this location a small settlement was erected: Lugar do Barra, the original location of Manaus. In 1833, the settlement gained the status of a village and received its actual name: Manaus. It means ‘Mother of God’. On 5 September 1850, the Province of Amazonas was created, and Manaus became the capital. At the end of the 19th century, Manaus became the center of booming rubber plantations, and a level of wealth which was not met elsewhere in Brazil. When rubber plantations emerged in other countries, Manaus became impoverished. In 1967, the Brazilian government created the ‘Zona Franca de Manaus’, a duty-free zone. As a result industrial activities and tourism are booming.
MANAUS (AM)
Manaus, Amazonas – A Metrópole da Amazônia
World Cup Brazil 2014 – Manaus / Amazonas
Manaus-Brasil
Manaus, Brazil – a walk near the harbor (video)
Manaus, diferente de tudo mas com cara de Brasil!
Uma viagem pelos principais pontos turísticos da Amazônia
1933
Foundation of Cidade de Goiás, now called Goiânia, capital of the state of Goiás (GO).
It took almost a century since the discovery of the Brazilian coast, when the first pioneers entered the highlands of Western Brazil, in search of gold and other precious metals and stones. One of the principal pioneers, who entered the state of Goiás in 1725, was Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva, nicknamed the Anhangüera. In 1727, the first chapel was raised in Arraial da Barra (later renamed in Vila Boa, and now part of Goiás), dedicated to Sant’Ana. The long distance between São Paulo, capital of the capitania São Paulo, of which the newly settled area was part of, and Arraial da Barra made the administration of the new settlement complicated. Therefore, the new capitania of Goiás was created in 1748, with Vila Boa as the capital. In 1830, plans were made to transfer the capital northward, to be more accessible by the rivers. It was not until 1930, when Pedro Ludivico Teixeira, a representative of the federal government to organize the transfer of the capital, started with the transfer procedure. The decision came in 1933, the first foundation stone was laid on October 24. In 1937, Goiânia became the official new capital of Goiás. The official inauguration took place five years later, in 1942. Already in 1950, the new capital surpassed the limit of fifty thousand inhabitants, the number for which the city was planned. Rapid expansion took place in the suburbs, the population increased to 700,000 in 1980. At present, the city hosts more than 1.3 million inhabitants.
GOIÂNIA (GO)
Goiânia City – Brazil HD
Goiânia City – Brazil HD | part 2
Goiânia – A Capital Verde
Goiânia – Goiás – Brasil (Nova Versão)
Historia de Goiânia
Goiânia sua construçao.
1930
Military coup against President Washington Luis.
Washington Luis Pereira de Sousa, born in Macaé (RJ), was installed as president of Brazil on 15 November 1926. The 1930 elections resulted in a victory of Julio Prestes, the candidate appointed by Washington Luis to be his successor. However, the opposition accused the government of fraud during the elections. The state of Minas Gerais (president Washington Luis was the ultimate president of the so-called café-com-leite politics, which resulted in silent agreements of the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais of each other’s candidates for the presidency) sensed that it was no longer respected as fully equal state by São Paulo. They started to support the opposition formed by the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Paraíba (‘Aliança Libertora’). Their presidential candidate was Getúlio Vargas, with João Pessoa as vice-president. The murder of João Pessoa aggravated the political crisis. The coup leaders formed a three-men junta, and ruled for ten days only. They then handed over the power to Getúlio Vargas, who was installed as president of Brazil on 3 November. The coup against Washington Luis marked the end of ‘República Velha’ (Old Republic).
1930 REVOLUTION
1930,tempo de revolução
1930, A Revolução de 30 Inicia a Era de Vargas – Testemunha da História
Revolução de 30 – parte 01 (De lá pra cá – TV Brasil)
Revolução de 30 – parte 02 (De lá pra cá – TV Brasil)
1896
Creation of the General Staff of the Army (Estado Maior do Exército)
The EME was created by Lei (Act) 403 and ratified by President Prudente de Morais, in order to reform the army into a modern institution, with the capability to defend the nation and to maintain the laws within the nation. Its headquarters are located in Brasília. One of the notable commanders was dictatorial president Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco.
1932
Birth of journalist and cartoonist Ziraldo Alves Ponto, creator of ‘Menino Maluquinho’
Ziraldo was born in Caratinga, Minas Gerais. He stated his career in the Fifties with cartoons and drawings in various newspapers and magazines. Ziraldo became famous when the first cartoon magazine with drawings from only one cartoonist was issued: ‘A Turma do Pererê’. During the military dictatorship, he was one of the founders of a non-conformist magazine: ‘O Pasquim’. His cartoons had a more adult style, he gained many fans. In 1969, his first children’s book was published: ‘FLICTS’. From 1979, he dedicated himself to children’s books only. In 1980, Ziraldo created ‘O Menino Maluquinho’ , which had become one of the most famous fictional characters in Brazil. His works have been translated into various languages, including English, French, German, and Spanish.
ZIRALDO & MENINO MALUQUINHO
Roda Viva com Ziraldo
Ziraldo – Programa do Jô
Menino Maluquinho: O Filme (1994)
Filme – Menino Maluquinho 2, A Aventura (1997)
1968
Machine gun attack on Dom Helder Câmara’s residence.
The attack was performed by a group of government supporters, since Dom Helder was.fiercely opposed against the military dictatorship. The residence, Igreja das Fronteiras, was attacked by a group of four armed and masked men, at 3 am. While they were shooting at the church wall, they shouted “Morte ao arcebispo vermelho, Arcebispo de Moscou” (Death to the red arch bishop, arch bishop of Moscow). IT was the second attack in only one week, while Dom Helder was traveling. The journal attributed the attacks to the organization ‘Comando de Caça aos Comunistas (CCC; Command of Communist Hunters). Dom Helder, born on 7 February 1909 in Fortaleza, was arch bishop in Recife from 1964 until 1985. He died in 1999. Dom Helder was nominated four times for the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1970, president Ernesto Medici gave the Brazilian ambassador in Norway personal instructions to attempt to block the prize for the arch bishop.
DOM HELDER CÂMARA
DOM HELDER CAMARA – O SANTO REBELDE
O Herói Dom Hélder Câmara: ” Pai dos Pobres e Irmão de João Paulo II”.
Ditadura e Dom Hélder Câmara.
Dom Hélder Câmara e as obras sociais.
1983
Vandalism at train station Ermelino Matarazzo in the Eastern Zone of the City of São Paulo, by a group of five thousand people.
The group acted violently because of the train delay of 26 minutes. On 17 September 2012, the train station again suffered vandalism by a group of 2000 people. The train station is located at Linha 12 Safira, which is considered as problematic. Recently, train stations, including Comendador Ermelino, have been modernized.
Dia da Libertação da África (Liberation of Africa)
Dia da Organização da Unidade Africana
(African Union). This day commemorates the foundation of the Organization of the African Union in 1963; since 2002, it is called the African Union.
Dia Internacional da África (International Africa Day).
Dia da Polícia Militar (Military Police, AC)
Dia do Massagista (Masseur). The profession of masseur is regulated by law since 5 October 1961.
Dia da Industria/ Trabalhador Industrial (Industry/ Industry Worker). This day was introduced in 1957. The top of the Brazilian industry (data from 2001):diesel, cars with engine smaller than 1000 cc, cars with engine larger than 1000 cc, iron and steel, sugar, beer, industrial alcohol, mobile phones.
Dia do Costureira (Tailor, Fashion Designer)
Dia Nacional da Adoção (Adoption). The date refers to the creation of Cadastro Nacional de Adoção (CNA; National Adoption Register) in 2008. More than four thousand children and teenagers are on the adoption list, while more than 26 thousand people are registered as adoption address. However, many registered people have specific preferences.
Dia do Trabalhador Rural
(Rural Worker). The day was established in 1963. Agriculture (dominated by the production of coffee, sugar and meat) is of great importance for Brazil. About 3.5 million square km of the total area of Brazil (8.5 million square km) is farmland; the total production accounts for one third of the national product, 40 percent of the export value,and offers work to more than 35 percent of the Brazilian workforce. Despite legal regulations, it is still hard for rural workers to maintain themselves and their families.
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1992 Death of composer and musician Luizinho Eça
1818 Creation of Museu Nacional
MUSEU NACIONAL
Museu Nacional – Expedições
MUSEU NACIONAL UFRJ RIO DE JANEIRO
1824 Recognition of Brazil by the United States
1861 Teófilo Ottoni elected as director of Banco do Brasil
1968 First pancreas transplantation at Hospital Silvestre (RJ)
2002 Rebellion at Maximum Security Prison ‘Anísio Jobim’ in Manaus
The rebellion resulted in 13 deaths.
2003 Brazilian racer Gil de Ferran won Indy 500 in Indianápolis
(United Nations Day). This day marks the day in 1945 when the UN Charter entered into force. The UN day has been celebrated since 1948. In 1971, the General Assembly of the UN recommended the member states to have this day observed as a public holiday.
UNITED NATIONS DAY
The United Nations: It’s Your World
United Nations Day: The Millenium Development Goals
Dia Internacional da Informação sobre o Desenvolvimento
(World Development Information Day). In 1972, this day was instituted by the General Assembly, in order to draw attention of world public opinion to development problems and the need to strengthen international cooperation to solve them.
“[…] Information and communications technologies have the potential to provide new solutions to development challenges, particularly in the context of globalization, and can foster economic growth, competitiveness, access to information and knowledge, poverty eradication and social inclusion […]”
General Assembly Resolution
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1669
Foundation of the city of Manaus, capital of the state of Amazonas (AM).
Manaus, slightly smaller than Flanders, is located at the confluence of the Solimões and Negro rivers. Since the discovery of the Amazon River in 1540, English, Spanish, Dutch and French invaders tried to exploit the region. Only in 1639, the Portuguese managed to expel them. In 1669, a start was made with the construction of a fortification. At this location a small settlement was erected: Lugar do Barra, the original location of Manaus. In 1833, the settlement gained the status of a village and received its actual name: Manaus. It means ‘Mother of God’. On 5 September 1850, the Province of Amazonas was created, and Manaus became the capital. At the end of the 19th century, Manaus became the center of booming rubber plantations, and a level of wealth which was not met elsewhere in Brazil. When rubber plantations emerged in other countries, Manaus became impoverished. In 1967, the Brazilian government created the ‘Zona Franca de Manaus’, a duty-free zone. As a result industrial activities and tourism are booming.
MANAUS (AM)
Manaus, Amazonas – A Metrópole da Amazônia
World Cup Brazil 2014 – Manaus / Amazonas
Manaus-Brasil
Manaus, Brazil – a walk near the harbor (video)
Manaus, diferente de tudo mas com cara de Brasil!
Uma viagem pelos principais pontos turísticos da Amazônia
1933
Foundation of Cidade de Goiás, now called Goiânia, capital of the state of Goiás (GO).
It took almost a century since the discovery of the Brazilian coast, when the first pioneers entered the highlands of Western Brazil, in search of gold and other precious metals and stones. One of the principal pioneers, who entered the state of Goiás in 1725, was Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva, nicknamed the Anhangüera. In 1727, the first chapel was raised in Arraial da Barra (later renamed in Vila Boa, and now part of Goiás), dedicated to Sant’Ana. The long distance between São Paulo, capital of the capitania São Paulo, of which the newly settled area was part of, and Arraial da Barra made the administration of the new settlement complicated. Therefore, the new capitania of Goiás was created in 1748, with Vila Boa as the capital. In 1830, plans were made to transfer the capital northward, to be more accessible by the rivers. It was not until 1930, when Pedro Ludivico Teixeira, a representative of the federal government to organize the transfer of the capital, started with the transfer procedure. The decision came in 1933, the first foundation stone was laid on October 24. In 1937, Goiânia became the official new capital of Goiás. The official inauguration took place five years later, in 1942. Already in 1950, the new capital surpassed the limit of fifty thousand inhabitants, the number for which the city was planned. Rapid expansion took place in the suburbs, the population increased to 700,000 in 1980. At present, the city hosts more than 1.3 million inhabitants.
GOIÂNIA (GO)
Goiânia City – Brazil HD
Goiânia City – Brazil HD | part 2
Goiânia – A Capital Verde
Goiânia – Goiás – Brasil (Nova Versão)
Historia de Goiânia
Goiânia sua construçao.
1930
Military coup against President Washington Luis.
Washington Luis Pereira de Sousa, born in Macaé (RJ), was installed as president of Brazil on 15 November 1926. The 1930 elections resulted in a victory of Julio Prestes, the candidate appointed by Washington Luis to be his successor. However, the opposition accused the government of fraud during the elections. The state of Minas Gerais (president Washington Luis was the ultimate president of the so-called café-com-leite politics, which resulted in silent agreements of the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais of each other’s candidates for the presidency) sensed that it was no longer respected as fully equal state by São Paulo. They started to support the opposition formed by the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Paraíba (‘Aliança Libertora’). Their presidential candidate was Getúlio Vargas, with João Pessoa as vice-president. The murder of João Pessoa aggravated the political crisis. The coup leaders formed a three-men junta, and ruled for ten days only. They then handed over the power to Getúlio Vargas, who was installed as president of Brazil on 3 November. The coup against Washington Luis marked the end of ‘República Velha’ (Old Republic).
1930 REVOLUTION
1930,tempo de revolução
1930, A Revolução de 30 Inicia a Era de Vargas – Testemunha da História
Revolução de 30 – parte 01 (De lá pra cá – TV Brasil)
Revolução de 30 – parte 02 (De lá pra cá – TV Brasil)
1896
Creation of the General Staff of the Army (Estado Maior do Exército)
The EME was created by Lei (Act) 403 and ratified by President Prudente de Morais, in order to reform the army into a modern institution, with the capability to defend the nation and to maintain the laws within the nation. Its headquarters are located in Brasília. One of the notable commanders was dictatorial president Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco.
1932
Birth of journalist and cartoonist Ziraldo Alves Ponto, creator of ‘Menino Maluquinho’
Ziraldo was born in Caratinga, Minas Gerais. He stated his career in the Fifties with cartoons and drawings in various newspapers and magazines. Ziraldo became famous when the first cartoon magazine with drawings from only one cartoonist was issued: ‘A Turma do Pererê’. During the military dictatorship, he was one of the founders of a non-conformist magazine: ‘O Pasquim’. His cartoons had a more adult style, he gained many fans. In 1969, his first children’s book was published: ‘FLICTS’. From 1979, he dedicated himself to children’s books only. In 1980, Ziraldo created ‘O Menino Maluquinho’ , which had become one of the most famous fictional characters in Brazil. His works have been translated into various languages, including English, French, German, and Spanish.
ZIRALDO & MENINO MALUQUINHO
Roda Viva com Ziraldo
Ziraldo – Programa do Jô
Menino Maluquinho: O Filme (1994)
Filme – Menino Maluquinho 2, A Aventura (1997)
1968
Machine gun attack on Dom Helder Câmara’s residence.
The attack was performed by a group of government supporters, since Dom Helder was.fiercely opposed against the military dictatorship. The residence, Igreja das Fronteiras, was attacked by a group of four armed and masked men, at 3 am. While they were shooting at the church wall, they shouted “Morte ao arcebispo vermelho, Arcebispo de Moscou” (Death to the red arch bishop, arch bishop of Moscow). IT was the second attack in only one week, while Dom Helder was traveling. The journal attributed the attacks to the organization ‘Comando de Caça aos Comunistas (CCC; Command of Communist Hunters). Dom Helder, born on 7 February 1909 in Fortaleza, was arch bishop in Recife from 1964 until 1985. He died in 1999. Dom Helder was nominated four times for the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1970, president Ernesto Medici gave the Brazilian ambassador in Norway personal instructions to attempt to block the prize for the arch bishop.
DOM HELDER CÂMARA
DOM HELDER CAMARA – O SANTO REBELDE
O Herói Dom Hélder Câmara: ” Pai dos Pobres e Irmão de João Paulo II”.
Ditadura e Dom Hélder Câmara.
Dom Hélder Câmara e as obras sociais.
1983
Vandalism at train station Ermelino Matarazzo in the Eastern Zone of the City of São Paulo, by a group of five thousand people.
The group acted violently because of the train delay of 26 minutes. On 17 September 2012, the train station again suffered vandalism by a group of 2000 people. The train station is located at Linha 12 Safira, which is considered as problematic. Recently, train stations, including Comendador Ermelino, have been modernized.
Dia da Libertação da África (Liberation of Africa)
Dia da Organização da Unidade Africana
(African Union). This day commemorates the foundation of the Organization of the African Union in 1963; since 2002, it is called the African Union.
Dia Internacional da África (International Africa Day).
Dia da Polícia Militar (Military Police, AC)
Dia do Massagista (Masseur). The profession of masseur is regulated by law since 5 October 1961.
Dia da Industria/ Trabalhador Industrial (Industry/ Industry Worker). This day was introduced in 1957. The top of the Brazilian industry (data from 2001):diesel, cars with engine smaller than 1000 cc, cars with engine larger than 1000 cc, iron and steel, sugar, beer, industrial alcohol, mobile phones.
Dia do Costureira (Tailor, Fashion Designer)
Dia Nacional da Adoção (Adoption). The date refers to the creation of Cadastro Nacional de Adoção (CNA; National Adoption Register) in 2008. More than four thousand children and teenagers are on the adoption list, while more than 26 thousand people are registered as adoption address. However, many registered people have specific preferences.
Dia do Trabalhador Rural
(Rural Worker). The day was established in 1963. Agriculture (dominated by the production of coffee, sugar and meat) is of great importance for Brazil. About 3.5 million square km of the total area of Brazil (8.5 million square km) is farmland; the total production accounts for one third of the national product, 40 percent of the export value,and offers work to more than 35 percent of the Brazilian workforce. Despite legal regulations, it is still hard for rural workers to maintain themselves and their families.
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1992 Death of composer and musician Luizinho Eça
1818 Creation of Museu Nacional
MUSEU NACIONAL
Museu Nacional – Expedições
MUSEU NACIONAL UFRJ RIO DE JANEIRO
1824 Recognition of Brazil by the United States
1861 Teófilo Ottoni elected as director of Banco do Brasil
1968 First pancreas transplantation at Hospital Silvestre (RJ)
2002 Rebellion at Maximum Security Prison ‘Anísio Jobim’ in Manaus
The rebellion resulted in 13 deaths.
2003 Brazilian racer Gil de Ferran won Indy 500 in Indianápolis
(United Nations Day). This day marks the day in 1945 when the UN Charter entered into force. The UN day has been celebrated since 1948. In 1971, the General Assembly of the UN recommended the member states to have this day observed as a public holiday.
UNITED NATIONS DAY
The United Nations: It’s Your World
United Nations Day: The Millenium Development Goals
Dia Internacional da Informação sobre o Desenvolvimento
(World Development Information Day). In 1972, this day was instituted by the General Assembly, in order to draw attention of world public opinion to development problems and the need to strengthen international cooperation to solve them.
“[…] Information and communications technologies have the potential to provide new solutions to development challenges, particularly in the context of globalization, and can foster economic growth, competitiveness, access to information and knowledge, poverty eradication and social inclusion […]”
General Assembly Resolution
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1669
Foundation of the city of Manaus, capital of the state of Amazonas (AM).
Manaus, slightly smaller than Flanders, is located at the confluence of the Solimões and Negro rivers. Since the discovery of the Amazon River in 1540, English, Spanish, Dutch and French invaders tried to exploit the region. Only in 1639, the Portuguese managed to expel them. In 1669, a start was made with the construction of a fortification. At this location a small settlement was erected: Lugar do Barra, the original location of Manaus. In 1833, the settlement gained the status of a village and received its actual name: Manaus. It means ‘Mother of God’. On 5 September 1850, the Province of Amazonas was created, and Manaus became the capital. At the end of the 19th century, Manaus became the center of booming rubber plantations, and a level of wealth which was not met elsewhere in Brazil. When rubber plantations emerged in other countries, Manaus became impoverished. In 1967, the Brazilian government created the ‘Zona Franca de Manaus’, a duty-free zone. As a result industrial activities and tourism are booming.
MANAUS (AM)
Manaus, Amazonas – A Metrópole da Amazônia
World Cup Brazil 2014 – Manaus / Amazonas
Manaus-Brasil
Manaus, Brazil – a walk near the harbor (video)
Manaus, diferente de tudo mas com cara de Brasil!
Uma viagem pelos principais pontos turísticos da Amazônia
1933
Foundation of Cidade de Goiás, now called Goiânia, capital of the state of Goiás (GO).
It took almost a century since the discovery of the Brazilian coast, when the first pioneers entered the highlands of Western Brazil, in search of gold and other precious metals and stones. One of the principal pioneers, who entered the state of Goiás in 1725, was Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva, nicknamed the Anhangüera. In 1727, the first chapel was raised in Arraial da Barra (later renamed in Vila Boa, and now part of Goiás), dedicated to Sant’Ana. The long distance between São Paulo, capital of the capitania São Paulo, of which the newly settled area was part of, and Arraial da Barra made the administration of the new settlement complicated. Therefore, the new capitania of Goiás was created in 1748, with Vila Boa as the capital. In 1830, plans were made to transfer the capital northward, to be more accessible by the rivers. It was not until 1930, when Pedro Ludivico Teixeira, a representative of the federal government to organize the transfer of the capital, started with the transfer procedure. The decision came in 1933, the first foundation stone was laid on October 24. In 1937, Goiânia became the official new capital of Goiás. The official inauguration took place five years later, in 1942. Already in 1950, the new capital surpassed the limit of fifty thousand inhabitants, the number for which the city was planned. Rapid expansion took place in the suburbs, the population increased to 700,000 in 1980. At present, the city hosts more than 1.3 million inhabitants.
GOIÂNIA (GO)
Goiânia City – Brazil HD
Goiânia City – Brazil HD | part 2
Goiânia – A Capital Verde
Goiânia – Goiás – Brasil (Nova Versão)
Historia de Goiânia
Goiânia sua construçao.
1930
Military coup against President Washington Luis.
Washington Luis Pereira de Sousa, born in Macaé (RJ), was installed as president of Brazil on 15 November 1926. The 1930 elections resulted in a victory of Julio Prestes, the candidate appointed by Washington Luis to be his successor. However, the opposition accused the government of fraud during the elections. The state of Minas Gerais (president Washington Luis was the ultimate president of the so-called café-com-leite politics, which resulted in silent agreements of the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais of each other’s candidates for the presidency) sensed that it was no longer respected as fully equal state by São Paulo. They started to support the opposition formed by the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Paraíba (‘Aliança Libertora’). Their presidential candidate was Getúlio Vargas, with João Pessoa as vice-president. The murder of João Pessoa aggravated the political crisis. The coup leaders formed a three-men junta, and ruled for ten days only. They then handed over the power to Getúlio Vargas, who was installed as president of Brazil on 3 November. The coup against Washington Luis marked the end of ‘República Velha’ (Old Republic).
1930 REVOLUTION
1930,tempo de revolução
1930, A Revolução de 30 Inicia a Era de Vargas – Testemunha da História
Revolução de 30 – parte 01 (De lá pra cá – TV Brasil)
Revolução de 30 – parte 02 (De lá pra cá – TV Brasil)
1896
Creation of the General Staff of the Army (Estado Maior do Exército)
The EME was created by Lei (Act) 403 and ratified by President Prudente de Morais, in order to reform the army into a modern institution, with the capability to defend the nation and to maintain the laws within the nation. Its headquarters are located in Brasília. One of the notable commanders was dictatorial president Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco.
1932
Birth of journalist and cartoonist Ziraldo Alves Ponto, creator of ‘Menino Maluquinho’
Ziraldo was born in Caratinga, Minas Gerais. He stated his career in the Fifties with cartoons and drawings in various newspapers and magazines. Ziraldo became famous when the first cartoon magazine with drawings from only one cartoonist was issued: ‘A Turma do Pererê’. During the military dictatorship, he was one of the founders of a non-conformist magazine: ‘O Pasquim’. His cartoons had a more adult style, he gained many fans. In 1969, his first children’s book was published: ‘FLICTS’. From 1979, he dedicated himself to children’s books only. In 1980, Ziraldo created ‘O Menino Maluquinho’ , which had become one of the most famous fictional characters in Brazil. His works have been translated into various languages, including English, French, German, and Spanish.
ZIRALDO & MENINO MALUQUINHO
Roda Viva com Ziraldo
Ziraldo – Programa do Jô
Menino Maluquinho: O Filme (1994)
Filme – Menino Maluquinho 2, A Aventura (1997)
1968
Machine gun attack on Dom Helder Câmara’s residence.
The attack was performed by a group of government supporters, since Dom Helder was.fiercely opposed against the military dictatorship. The residence, Igreja das Fronteiras, was attacked by a group of four armed and masked men, at 3 am. While they were shooting at the church wall, they shouted “Morte ao arcebispo vermelho, Arcebispo de Moscou” (Death to the red arch bishop, arch bishop of Moscow). IT was the second attack in only one week, while Dom Helder was traveling. The journal attributed the attacks to the organization ‘Comando de Caça aos Comunistas (CCC; Command of Communist Hunters). Dom Helder, born on 7 February 1909 in Fortaleza, was arch bishop in Recife from 1964 until 1985. He died in 1999. Dom Helder was nominated four times for the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1970, president Ernesto Medici gave the Brazilian ambassador in Norway personal instructions to attempt to block the prize for the arch bishop.
DOM HELDER CÂMARA
DOM HELDER CAMARA – O SANTO REBELDE
O Herói Dom Hélder Câmara: ” Pai dos Pobres e Irmão de João Paulo II”.
Ditadura e Dom Hélder Câmara.
Dom Hélder Câmara e as obras sociais.
1983
Vandalism at train station Ermelino Matarazzo in the Eastern Zone of the City of São Paulo, by a group of five thousand people.
The group acted violently because of the train delay of 26 minutes. On 17 September 2012, the train station again suffered vandalism by a group of 2000 people. The train station is located at Linha 12 Safira, which is considered as problematic. Recently, train stations, including Comendador Ermelino, have been modernized.
(United Nations Day). This day marks the day in 1945 when the UN Charter entered into force. The UN day has been celebrated since 1948. In 1971, the General Assembly of the UN recommended the member states to have this day observed as a public holiday.
UNITED NATIONS DAY
The United Nations: It’s Your World
United Nations Day: The Millenium Development Goals
Dia Internacional da Informação sobre o Desenvolvimento
(World Development Information Day). In 1972, this day was instituted by the General Assembly, in order to draw attention of world public opinion to development problems and the need to strengthen international cooperation to solve them.
“[…] Information and communications technologies have the potential to provide new solutions to development challenges, particularly in the context of globalization, and can foster economic growth, competitiveness, access to information and knowledge, poverty eradication and social inclusion […]”
General Assembly Resolution
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1669
Foundation of the city of Manaus, capital of the state of Amazonas (AM).
Manaus, slightly smaller than Flanders, is located at the confluence of the Solimões and Negro rivers. Since the discovery of the Amazon River in 1540, English, Spanish, Dutch and French invaders tried to exploit the region. Only in 1639, the Portuguese managed to expel them. In 1669, a start was made with the construction of a fortification. At this location a small settlement was erected: Lugar do Barra, the original location of Manaus. In 1833, the settlement gained the status of a village and received its actual name: Manaus. It means ‘Mother of God’. On 5 September 1850, the Province of Amazonas was created, and Manaus became the capital. At the end of the 19th century, Manaus became the center of booming rubber plantations, and a level of wealth which was not met elsewhere in Brazil. When rubber plantations emerged in other countries, Manaus became impoverished. In 1967, the Brazilian government created the ‘Zona Franca de Manaus’, a duty-free zone. As a result industrial activities and tourism are booming.
MANAUS (AM)
Manaus, Amazonas – A Metrópole da Amazônia
World Cup Brazil 2014 – Manaus / Amazonas
Manaus-Brasil
Manaus, Brazil – a walk near the harbor (video)
Manaus, diferente de tudo mas com cara de Brasil!
Uma viagem pelos principais pontos turísticos da Amazônia
1933
Foundation of Cidade de Goiás, now called Goiânia, capital of the state of Goiás (GO).
It took almost a century since the discovery of the Brazilian coast, when the first pioneers entered the highlands of Western Brazil, in search of gold and other precious metals and stones. One of the principal pioneers, who entered the state of Goiás in 1725, was Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva, nicknamed the Anhangüera. In 1727, the first chapel was raised in Arraial da Barra (later renamed in Vila Boa, and now part of Goiás), dedicated to Sant’Ana. The long distance between São Paulo, capital of the capitania São Paulo, of which the newly settled area was part of, and Arraial da Barra made the administration of the new settlement complicated. Therefore, the new capitania of Goiás was created in 1748, with Vila Boa as the capital. In 1830, plans were made to transfer the capital northward, to be more accessible by the rivers. It was not until 1930, when Pedro Ludivico Teixeira, a representative of the federal government to organize the transfer of the capital, started with the transfer procedure. The decision came in 1933, the first foundation stone was laid on October 24. In 1937, Goiânia became the official new capital of Goiás. The official inauguration took place five years later, in 1942. Already in 1950, the new capital surpassed the limit of fifty thousand inhabitants, the number for which the city was planned. Rapid expansion took place in the suburbs, the population increased to 700,000 in 1980. At present, the city hosts more than 1.3 million inhabitants.
GOIÂNIA (GO)
Goiânia City – Brazil HD
Goiânia City – Brazil HD | part 2
Goiânia – A Capital Verde
Goiânia – Goiás – Brasil (Nova Versão)
Historia de Goiânia
Goiânia sua construçao.
1930
Military coup against President Washington Luis.
Washington Luis Pereira de Sousa, born in Macaé (RJ), was installed as president of Brazil on 15 November 1926. The 1930 elections resulted in a victory of Julio Prestes, the candidate appointed by Washington Luis to be his successor. However, the opposition accused the government of fraud during the elections. The state of Minas Gerais (president Washington Luis was the ultimate president of the so-called café-com-leite politics, which resulted in silent agreements of the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais of each other’s candidates for the presidency) sensed that it was no longer respected as fully equal state by São Paulo. They started to support the opposition formed by the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Paraíba (‘Aliança Libertora’). Their presidential candidate was Getúlio Vargas, with João Pessoa as vice-president. The murder of João Pessoa aggravated the political crisis. The coup leaders formed a three-men junta, and ruled for ten days only. They then handed over the power to Getúlio Vargas, who was installed as president of Brazil on 3 November. The coup against Washington Luis marked the end of ‘República Velha’ (Old Republic).
1930 REVOLUTION
1930,tempo de revolução
1930, A Revolução de 30 Inicia a Era de Vargas – Testemunha da História
Revolução de 30 – parte 01 (De lá pra cá – TV Brasil)
Revolução de 30 – parte 02 (De lá pra cá – TV Brasil)
1896
Creation of the General Staff of the Army (Estado Maior do Exército)
The EME was created by Lei (Act) 403 and ratified by President Prudente de Morais, in order to reform the army into a modern institution, with the capability to defend the nation and to maintain the laws within the nation. Its headquarters are located in Brasília. One of the notable commanders was dictatorial president Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco.
1932
Birth of journalist and cartoonist Ziraldo Alves Ponto, creator of ‘Menino Maluquinho’
Ziraldo was born in Caratinga, Minas Gerais. He stated his career in the Fifties with cartoons and drawings in various newspapers and magazines. Ziraldo became famous when the first cartoon magazine with drawings from only one cartoonist was issued: ‘A Turma do Pererê’. During the military dictatorship, he was one of the founders of a non-conformist magazine: ‘O Pasquim’. His cartoons had a more adult style, he gained many fans. In 1969, his first children’s book was published: ‘FLICTS’. From 1979, he dedicated himself to children’s books only. In 1980, Ziraldo created ‘O Menino Maluquinho’ , which had become one of the most famous fictional characters in Brazil. His works have been translated into various languages, including English, French, German, and Spanish.
ZIRALDO & MENINO MALUQUINHO
Roda Viva com Ziraldo
Ziraldo – Programa do Jô
Menino Maluquinho: O Filme (1994)
Filme – Menino Maluquinho 2, A Aventura (1997)
1968
Machine gun attack on Dom Helder Câmara’s residence.
The attack was performed by a group of government supporters, since Dom Helder was.fiercely opposed against the military dictatorship. The residence, Igreja das Fronteiras, was attacked by a group of four armed and masked men, at 3 am. While they were shooting at the church wall, they shouted “Morte ao arcebispo vermelho, Arcebispo de Moscou” (Death to the red arch bishop, arch bishop of Moscow). IT was the second attack in only one week, while Dom Helder was traveling. The journal attributed the attacks to the organization ‘Comando de Caça aos Comunistas (CCC; Command of Communist Hunters). Dom Helder, born on 7 February 1909 in Fortaleza, was arch bishop in Recife from 1964 until 1985. He died in 1999. Dom Helder was nominated four times for the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1970, president Ernesto Medici gave the Brazilian ambassador in Norway personal instructions to attempt to block the prize for the arch bishop.
DOM HELDER CÂMARA
DOM HELDER CAMARA – O SANTO REBELDE
O Herói Dom Hélder Câmara: ” Pai dos Pobres e Irmão de João Paulo II”.
Ditadura e Dom Hélder Câmara.
Dom Hélder Câmara e as obras sociais.
1983
Vandalism at train station Ermelino Matarazzo in the Eastern Zone of the City of São Paulo, by a group of five thousand people.
The group acted violently because of the train delay of 26 minutes. On 17 September 2012, the train station again suffered vandalism by a group of 2000 people. The train station is located at Linha 12 Safira, which is considered as problematic. Recently, train stations, including Comendador Ermelino, have been modernized.
General – Parintinsis the second largest city of the state of Amazonas, at about 420 km from the capital, Manaus. The city is located near the border with the state of Pará. According to IBGE, the city counts 103 thousand inhabitants (2011). Parintins is located on the island of Tupinambarana (in the Amazon River), and is one of the major touristic locations in Amazonas.
At the end of the 18th century, the Portuguese government encouraged the colonization of the northern region of Brazil. As a result, small settlements were created. In 1796, militia captain José Pedro Cordovil started to rule one of these settlements, that was located on Tupinambarana Island, and lived there with his relatives and slaves. He started a cocoa plantation, which quickly became prosperous. When he left, he donated the island to the Portuguese queen, Dona Maria I, as a gift. The gift was accepted, and the settlement became a missionary post, in 1803, with the name Vila Nova da Rainha (New Village of the Queen). Thirty years later, it became a freguesia, with the name Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Carmo de Tupinambarana. in 1848, the freguesia gained the status of vila (village). In 1852, the municipality was created, and gained the name of Parintins one year later. Parintins has a strong agricultural sector.
Tourism – The annual Folkloric Festival of Parintins attracts many Brazilian and foreign tourists. This festival is a duel between two rivaling groups, who represent their ‘bull’: Caprichoso (Blue) and Garantida (Red). This festival is held in June.
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Como resultado de ação promovida pelo governo português, já em fins do século XVIII se observava no vale amazônico grande atividade, cujos frutos se traduziam no aparecimento de núcleos de população, nos quais se mesclavam reinóis, ilhéus, mamelucos e o gentio catequizado. Por volta de 1796, o Capitão de Milícias José Pedro Cordovil organizou um desses núcleos, instalando-se na ilha de Tupinambarana com seus escravos e agregados. Os primitivos habitantes da ilha eram indígenas Maués e Sapupés, aos quais, em 1798, se incorporaram os Paravianas e os Uapixanas, banidos das praias do Rio Branco, por terem participado de sangrenta rebelião. José Pedro Cordovil, longe de acatar as instruções governamentais que recomendavam a utilização dos nativos na agricultura, deles passou a dispor de forma violenta, em proveito próprio. Movido por um gênio irascível, seus desmandos, além de divergências com José Rodrigues Preto – fundador do núcleo de Maués – em torno dos índios Mundurucus, “que aquele reunira e Cordovil buscava para seus negócios”, ocasionaram a fuga do gentio. Ao assumir a direção do Estado do Rio Negro, D. Marcos de Noronha e Brito, Conde dos Arcos, solicitou a colaboração do carmelita Frei José das Chagas, Prior do Convento do Carmo de Belém. Esse religioso, em 1803, criou missão em Tupinambarana, com a denominação de Vila Nova da Rainha, dando sentido prático à política estabelecida pela Carta Régia de 12 de maio de 1798, de D. Maria I, a qual abolia os diretórios civis e militares e instaurava na Amazônia o regime de Missões. A atuação de Frei José na tarefa de catequizar os índios agrupando-os de forma a se tornarem úteis, foi bastante eficiente. O maior obstáculo foi o trabalho dissociativo de Cordovil e Rodrigues Preto, que, não obstante as recomendações do Conde dos Arcos no sentido de que “se conduzissem pelo caminho da ordem, da fraternidade, do trabalho honesto e construtivo”, persistiam em sua ação desagregadora. No início do século XIX, Vila Nova da Rainha apresentava aspecto de progresso e prosperidade. Sob o comando do Capitão de Milícias Antônio Vieira Correia da Maia, para ali se transferiu o Registro Fiscal, com a incumbência de inspecionar as embarcações que transportavam mercadorias, fugindo à cobrança dos dízimos. Dois anos depois, o Registro mudou-se para as faldas da serra de Parintins, por ordem da Junta Governativa da Capitania do Rio Negro e aí funcionou até 1824, ao que se presume. Em 1818, sob o governo de Antônio José de Souza Manuel de Meneses, Conde de Vila Flor, Vila Nova reivindicou sua autonomia do Rio Negro, então vinculado à Capitania do Grão-Pará. A 3 de setembro ou outubro daquele ano, requereram os habitantes a elevação do lugar à categoria de Vila, mas nada obtiveram. Até 1832, a localidade era oficialmente denominada Vila Nova da Rainha, topônimo depois mudado para Vila Bela da Imperatriz e, mais tarde, para Parintins.
(IBGE)
Nicknames for Parintins:
“Ilha da Alegria” (Island of Joy)
“Ilha Paraíso” (Paradise Island)
“Ilha Azul” (Blue Island)
“Ilha Vermelha” (Red Island)
“Ilha Encantada” (Enchanted Island)
“Capital Mundial do Folclore” (World Capital of Folklore)
Heading for Brasil 2014: Stadiums under Construction (OCT 2011) . .
World Cup Soccer 2014 will be hosted by Brazil. Twelve cities have been selected as host cities. Modern stadiums are being constructed there. An overview of the progress of these constructions, in October 2011.
The twelve host cities in Brazil (screenshot Globo.com)
Update at the end of October 2011:
Rio de Janeiro (RJ): 30 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
The old entrance was demolished in October. The existing ring was renovated; new floors were laid, and four new entrances were constructed. Foundations were laid for the new grandstands. It is expected that the stadium will be completed in February 2013.
São Paulo (SP): 15 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
Earthworks of the area have been completed for 64 percent. Piling works are on the way, and the first pillars are erected already. It is expected that the stadium will be completed in December 2013.
Belo Horizonte (MG): 38 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
Earthworks have been completed for 95 procent. All shock absorbers for the new stands are placed. There has been major progress with the foundations: the fortification of concrete, perforation, concreting. The structures were subject to close monitoring. It is expected that the stadium will be completed in December 2012.
Brasília (DF): 40 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
The construction of this stadium is ahead of schedule. All foundation tubes are placed. 64 Percent of the stands of the lower ring is mounted already. It is expected that the stadium will be completed in December 2012.
Porto Alegre (RS): 28 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
Still nothing is done. The dispute between soccer club Internacional with a contractor is not resolved yet. When the construction contract is signed, it is expected that the construction works will last about 18 months.
Curitiba (PR): 60 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
Finally, the first works at this stadium, the latter of the twelve, have started. Next to the stadium, foundations were laid for a new building. Soccer Club Atlético-PR still may play their matches in the stadium, and only in 2012 the club needs to see for an alternative location, when some reforms will take place inside the stadium. It is expected that the stadium will be completed in June 2013.
Cuiabá (MT): 32 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
Earthworks and drainage of the area is almost fully completed. The platforms of the stands, the elevator shafts, and stairwells are already visible. It is expected that the stadium will be completed in December 2012.
Salvador (BA): 30 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
Progress has been made with the structures of the superstructure, the placement of the pillars, beams and plates. The stadium is expected to be completed in December 2012 or February 2013.
Recife (PE): 20 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
The foundation works are complete for about 80 percent. The first structure works have been completed for 15 percent. More than 1600 construction workers are active at the site, and it is expected that 30 percent of the work will be completed at the end of 2011. About fifty percent will be complete in March 2012. It is expected that the stadium may be completed in February 2013.
Natal (RN): 10 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
Finally, demolition of the old stadium had started. It is scheduled to last four months. The old gymnasium is also demolished. Earthworks have been started then. It is expected that the stadium in December 2013.
Fortaleza (CE): 45 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
The first phase, which commenced in August, was completed in October. In November the second phase will begin. Six World Cup matches are scheduled to take place in this stadium. At the end of 2011, it is expected that fifty percent of the construction works is completed. It is expected that the stadium will be completed in December 2012.
Manaus (AM): 27 %
(screenshot Globo.com)
For this stadium, four World Cup matches are scheduled. Some of the stands are already installed, already good for 2000 seats. It is expected that the stadium will be completed in June 2013.
By Dr. Adriano Antoine Robbesom Original text in Dutch, translation with help of Google Translator
Inside Brazil 