Brazilian Days (111): April 21

Brazilian Days 111 

April 21

 

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DAY OF:

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Dia de Tiradentes
(Tiradentes). Tiradentes was the leader of the conspiracy group in Minas Gerais (Inconfidência Mineira) that battled for more freedom and rights. Betrayal resulted in the arrest of the members, and only Tiradentes was condemned to death. He was hanged and quartered, in Rio de Janeiro.

TIRADENTES
Tiradentes, o Mártir da Independência do Brasil	Tiradentes – Série “Construtores do Brasil” – TV Câmara

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Dia da Latinidade
(Latin Identity). Long before the foundation of Rome, Italic people lived in that region. The best known subgroup derived from this people is the Latino people. Brazil is a nation with very strong Latin roots, mainly due to Portuguese, Italian and Spanish migrants. However, Brazilians also have strong African and Indian roots. This so-called ‘tropicalization’ created the pluricultural community. The International Dia da Latinidade is on 15 May. Interestingly, April 21 is considered as the foundation day of the city of Rome.

 

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Dia do Metalúrgico
(Metallurgist). Metallurgy emerged about six thousand years ago, in the Middle East. Metallurgy in Brazil received a big boost when Europe needed iron ore for the war industry, during the Second World War. A number of foreign companies started to analyze the possibilities in Brazil. Multinational mining company VALE was founded during the War, in 1945. At present, the metallurgic industry is responsible for more than two million registered job positions in Brazil, more than 5 percent of the total number of registered workers in Brazil.

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Dia do Policial Civil e Militar
(Brazilian Civil and Military Police). Tiradentes is the patron of the Military and Civil police in Brazil. The day became official in 1946, by President Gaspar Dutra. In 2007, Brazil counted 298 thousand servicemen of the Military and 228 thousand of the Civil Police.

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Dia do Têxtil
(Textile). According to Associação Brasileira da Indústria Têxtil e de Confecção (ABIT; Brazilian Association of Textile and Confection Industry), more than 30 thousand textile companies exist in Brazil, good for more than 1.7 million textile workers.

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Dia Nacional da Paz no Trânsito
(Respect in Traffic). In 2009, more than 400 thousand accidents with victims caused more than 20 thousand deaths in traffic. In the same year, about 50 thousand pedestrians died in traffic.

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1792
Death of Joaquim José da Silva Xavier, better known as Tiradentes.
The leader of the ‘Mineiro Conspiracy’ was condemned to death. He was hanged and then quartered.

TIRADENTES
Tiradentes – A criação de um herói brasileiro	Série especial julgamento de Tiradentes (13/04/12)
Série especial julgamento de Tiradentes (16/04/12)	Série especial julgamento de Tiradentes (18/04/12)
Série especial julgamento de Tiradentes (19/04/12)	Série especial julgamento de Tiradentes (20/04/12)

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1960
Inauguration of the new Brazilian capital, Brasília, by President Kubitschek.
The new capital, more centrally located replaced Rio de Janeiro. The capital was designed by Lucio Costa and Oscar Nieymeyer and now is listed in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

BRASÍLIA
A inauguração de Brasília	Juscelino Kubitschek inaugura Brasília em 21 de abril de 1960
Documentário Brasília: projeto capital ( Versão Integral)	Primeiras imagens de Brasília

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1960
Creation of the state of Guanabara.
The transfer of the Brazilian capital from Rio de Janeiro to Brasília resulted in the renaming of the Federal District into a new Brazilian state. The state of Guanabara was added to the state of Rio de Janeiro in 1975.

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1985
Death of president-elect Tancredo Neves
Tancredo was the first (indirectly) elected civil president since the end of the dictatorship. He suffered cancer and died shortly before his installation as president. Vice-president José Sarney succeeded Tancredo.

 

TANCREDO NEVES
Presidente eleito Tancredo Neves morre em São Paulo (1985)	1985 – Anúncio da morte do Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves

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1962
Inauguration of Universidade de Brasília (created in 1961).

1880
São Carlos (SP) elevated to the status of a city.

SÃO CARLOS
São Carlos – Sp	São Carlos – SP
HINO DO SÃO CARLOS	UM POUCO DO PASSADO DE SÃO CARLOS – SP

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1975
Death of ex-president Paschoal Ranieri Mazzilli (president in 1961 and in 1964).

 

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1981
The historical city of Ouro Preto added to the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Ouro Preto became the first Brazilian heritage to be added to the UNESCO World Heritage List.

OURO PRETO
OURO PRETO – UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE	Ouro Preto in Brazil – World Heritage Site by Unesco ( Full HD )
Ouro Preto MG Institutional English Version	OURO PRETO / BRAZIL – UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE

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1867
First Brazilian expedition crossed Apa River, and then entered Paraguay, where it occupied Forte Bela Vista, during the Paraguayan War.

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2006
Inauguration of the oil production platform P-50 in Bacia de Campos (RJ).

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2005
Death of former coach of the Brazilian soccer team, Telê Santana.

TELÊ SANTANA
Homenagem a TELÊ SANTANA da Silva	Assista à íntegra da entrevista com Telê Santana (1992)
Telê Santana – Meio Século de Futebol Arte – parte 1	Telê Santana – Meio Século de Futebol Arte – parte 2
Telê Santana – Meio Século de Futebol Arte – parte 3	Telê Santana – Meio Século de Futebol Arte – parte 4
Telê Santana – Meio Século de Futebol Arte – parte 5	Telê Santana – Meio Século de Futebol Arte – parte 6

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (106): April 16

Brazilian Days 106 

April 16

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Sacerdócio
(Sacerdote)

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Dia Nacional do Leonismo
(Brazilian Lions’ Club Day)

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Dia do Picapeiro
(Pickup Driver). Picape is the Brazilian word for pickup.

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Dia Nacional da Voz
(Brazilian Voice Day). In 1999, after an initiative of Brazilian phonologists, audiologists, physicians and singers, Brazil introduced the National Voice Day on 16 April. Soon, Portugal and Argentina followed. In 2002, The American Academy of Otorhinolaryngology recognized the same date for World Voice Day. In 2008, the National Voice Day became institutionalized by law (lei 11.704).

 

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1866
Triple Alliance (Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay) declared war against Paraguay.
The war lasted until 1870, leaving 500 thousand Paraguayans dead and the Paraguayan economy ruined.

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1973
All magazines subject to censorship, as determined by the Brazilian Government. 
As a result, 46 foreign and 14 Brazilian magazines were banned.

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1986
Approval of Plano Cruzado by Congresso Nacional (Brazilian Congress).

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1928
Departure of Expedição Brasileira (Brazilian Expedition) da Estrada Panamericana (Pan American Highway).
The Brazilian teams existed of two Ford T cars that were provided by the journal ‘O Globo’, and who gained support by president Washington Luiz. The mission of these teams was to discover and to open a road that would connect the three Americas. In ten years time, the expedition made a distance of more than 28 thousand kilometers through 15 countries.

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1952
Official installation of Universidade Mackenzie

 

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2002
D. Mautro Morelli (bishop of Duque de Caxias – RJ) confirmed his approval of the invasions realized by MST (Movimento dos Trabalhadores sem Terra; Movement of landless workers).

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
.

Brazilian Days (105): April 15

Brazilian Days 105 

April 15

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DAY OF:

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Dia da Conservação do Solo
(Soil conservation)

SOIL CONSERVATION

Ministério da Agricultura desenvolve programas para uso sustentável da terra

Dia International do ciclista
(International cyclist day). A confusing day, since the international cycling day is held on 9 May, while another source is mentioning 10 March. The Brazilian Cycling Day is on 19 August.

Dia do Desarmamento Infantil
(Child disarmament)

CHILD DISARMAMENT
Reportagem da Globo SPTV – Desarmamento Infantil – Capão Redondo e Jardim Ângela	Desarmamento infantil – 11/04/2011
Dia das crianças: Campanha do Desarmamento Infantil	Armas de Brinquedo | Lei | Proibição da Venda | Unisul Tv | 2011

Dia do Desenhista
(Designer)

DESIGNER
O Desenhista	Manhã Viva – Dia Mundial do Desenhista – 15/04/11 – Parte 1
Manhã Viva – Drica Adamo prestigia os artistas de rua do Rio de Janeiro – 15/04/11 – Parte 2	Manhã Viva – Artistas da Canção Nova comentam sobre o dom de desenhar – 15/04/11 – Parte 3

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1868
Birth of composer Francisco Braga (1868)

FRANCISCO BRAGA
Hino à Bandeira do Brasil	Dobrado O Guarani – por Francisco Braga da obra de Carlos Gomes
Francisco Braga A Paz / O Cortejo – OSN-UFF – Regência: Ligia Amadio	A BRAZILIAN CELEBRATION – Episódio Sinfônico – Francisco Braga

1964
Installation of Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco as president of Brazil

CASTELLO BRANCO

História do Brasil – Governo Castello Branco (1964-1967)

1948
Bomb attack performed by Partido Comunista Brasileiro (Brazilian Communist Party) killed 34 people and wounded more than 100

1820
Arrival of the first Lazarist missionaries

1866
Marshal Osório entered Paraguay

1955
Comissão de Localização da Nova Capital Federal (Commision of the Location of the new Federal Capital) selected the location of future Brasília (DF)

1971
Assassination of entrepreneur Henning Albert Boilesen by terrorists in São Paulo

HENNING ALBERT BOILESEN
Henning Boilesen: Uma vítima do terrorismo e da guerrilha urbana no Brasil.	Documentário Cidadão Boilesen 1º parte
Documentário Cidadão Boilesen 2º parte	Documentário Cidadão Boilesen 3º parte
Documentário Cidadão Boilesen 4º parte	Documentário Cidadão Boilesen 5º parte
Documentário Cidadão Boilesen 6º parte	Documentário Cidadão Boilesen 7º parte
Documentário Cidadão Boilesen 8º parte	Documentário Cidadão Boilesen 9º parte
Documentário Cidadão Boilesen 10º parte

1995
Death of comedian ‘Costinha’ (Lírio Mário da Costa)

COSTINHA
Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 01	Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 02
Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 03	Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 04
Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 05	Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 06
Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 07	Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 08
Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 09	Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 10
Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 11	Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 12
Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 13	Coletânea Costinha Pra Sempre – 14

1998
Privatization of Eletropaulo Metropolitana Eletricidade de São Paulo.
The company was bought by the multinational energy company AES (USA). AES Eletropaulo provides energy for almost 6 million customers, which is equal to more than 16 million people in the metropolitan region of São Paulo.

2002
Complaint of Brazil at the Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC; WTO) against European protectionism

2003
Death of Maria Rita de Menezes (Tatuí – SP), at the age of 114

2004
Inauguration of Parque Temático (Thematic Park) de Monteiro Lobato in Taubaté – SP

PARQUE MONTEIRO LOBATO
PARQUE MONTEIRO LOBATO TAUBATÉ	Parque Monteiro Lobato
O verdadeiro Sítio do Pica Pau Amarelo em Taubaté	Vida e obra de Monteiro Lobato

2005
President Lula signed the decree that created the Indigenous Land of Raposa Serra do Sol (RR).
The 1723 square km area hosts about 20 thousand indigenous people. According to the Brazilian Supreme Court, the land must be exclusively for the indigenous people and that non-indigenous people should leave the territory.

RAPOSA SERRA DO SOL
Raposa Serra do Sol	Reserva Raposa Serra do Sol-Jornal da Globo parte 2/3
Reserva Raposa Serra do Sol-Jornal da Globo parte 3/3	Raposa Serra do Sol hoje – a fronteira do abandono – Parte 1.
Raposa Serra do Sol hoje – a fronteira do abandono – Parte 2.	Raposa Serra do Sol hoje – a fronteira do abandono – Parte 3.
ONGs & Índios – Raposa Serra do Sol 1	ONGs & Índios – Raposa Serra do Sol 2
ONGs & Índios – Raposa Serra do Sol 3	ONGs & Índios – Raposa Serra do Sol 4
ONGs & Índios – Raposa Serra do Sol 5	ONGs & Índios – Raposa Serra do Sol 6
Reserva Raposa Serra do Sol -Veja o dilema das famílias expulsas de suas propriedades em 2009	Brazil: The Raposa-Serra do Sol Crisis

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007. 2015
.

Brazilian Days (009): January 9

Brazilian Days 009 

January 9

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Fico

(Day of Dom Pedro’s announcement not to return to Portugal)

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Dia do Astronauta

(Astronaut).

  

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1822
Dia do Fico: D. Pedro joined the Brazilian nationalist movement.

A royal decree from Portugal urged Pedro to return to Portugal and join his father. Pedro took the opportunity to stay in Brazil, declare Brazil independent, and declare himself as leader.

  

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1824
Câmara Municipal (City Council) of Quixeramobim (CE) declared the end of Dom Pedro’s reign and proclaimed the republic. 

At that time, the municipality was called Campo Maior, located in the center of the state of Ceará. When Dom Pedro declared the end of the Constitution, many revolts broke out, mainly in the Northeast. The republic didn’t last for long: it suffered repression by the Confederation of the Equator movement, which had started about the same time.

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1824
Final edition of the newspaper ‘Compilador de Minas’

  

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1872
Signing of Tratado Definitivo de Paz e Amizade Perpétua (Definitive Treaty of Eternal Peace and Friendship) between Brazil and Paraguay.

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1881
Reform of the Electoral Law (Lei Saraiva), per Decreto nº 3029.

Voters received ‘título de eleitor’ (election ID), candidates were reviewed by the Judicial Power, for direct elections by secret voting.

  

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1892
Decreto Estadual nº 8 defined the flag of the state of Paraná.

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1943
Brazil declared adhesion to The United Nations Organization and the Atlantic Chart. 

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2003
Collision between two metro trains at Primeiro de Maio Station, Belo Horizonte (MG)

  

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1992
Creation of the city of Balneário Barra do Sul (SC)

  

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
.

Brazilian Days (286): October 13

Brazilian Days 286

October 13

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Terapeuta Ocupacional

(Occupational therapist). On 13 October 1969, decree no. 938/69 came into effect. The decree defines the professions of occupational therapist and physiotherapist.

 ^source

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPIST
[TV Jornal] Dia do Fisioterapeuta e Terapeuta Ocupacional	13 de outubro – Dia do Terapeuta Ocupacional
13/10 – Dia do terapeuta Ocupacional	TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL – Programa “Na Real”

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Dia do Fisioterapeuta

(Physiotherapist). On 13 October 1969, decree 938/69 came into effect (see above). On this day, There will be special attention for the occupational and physiotherapists at (educational) institutes. There will be no lectures, but the therapists will enjoy a lunch or a churrasco together.

 ^source

PHYSIOTHERAPIST
FISIOTERAPIA – 13 de Outubro: Dia do Fisioterapeuta	A profissão de fisioterapeuta. Reportagem de Milene Ribeiro, TV Pitágoras.
A fisioterapia como profissão	13 de Outubro de 2009 Dia do Fisioterapeuta e 40 Anos da Fisioterapia no Brasil

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Dia Nacional do Dinheiro

(Money). The origin of this day is not known, but follows one day after the foundation of the first bank in Brazil: Banco do Brasil, which was founded on 12 October 1808. The arrival of the Portuguese Royal Family also brought a large sum of money to Brazil. In the past century, Brazil changed the national currency various times.

 

BRAZILIAN MONEY
Papel Moeda – Brasil	MOEDA BRASILEIRA DO RÉIS AO REAL

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Dia Mundial do Escritor e dos Direitos Autorais

(World Author and Copyright Day). A confusing date, since 23 April (since 1996) is the World Book and Copyright Day, introduced by the United Nations. On 25 July is the Brazilian Author Day, and on 29 October the Brazilian Book Day.

 ^source

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1968
Death of poet Manuel Bandeira (1886- 1968)

Manuel Carneiro de Souza Bandeira Filho was born in Rua da Ventura, what is now Joaquim Nabuco (Pernambuco). His father worked for a railway company; therefore his family had to move various times between the states of Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo. At young age, TB was diagnosed, and Manuel had to go to Switzerland for treatment. One year later, he published his first verses. Manuel studied architecture and arts in São Paulo. During the twenties of the past century, he regularly published poetry bundles and prose, sometimes financed by himself. His fiftieth birthday was celebrated abundantly, and one year later, he was appointed as a professor. In 1940, he was admitted to the Brazilian Academy of Literature. During the fifties, more works of Manuel were published, which included some translated works of Shakespeare and Cocteau. In the same period he traveled in Europe.  Manuel died in 1968.

“…o sol tão claro lá fora,
o sol tão claro, Esmeralda,
e em minhalma — anoitecendo.”
^{source  source}

MANUEL BANDEIRA
Vida e obra de Manuel Bandeira	Manuel Bandeira 1886 – 1968
Manuel Bandeira O Poeta do Castelo, 1959 – Joaquim Pedro de Andrade	Manuel Bandeira, o habitante de Pasárgada (Completo)
Modernismo x Manuel Bandeira	Profundamente, Manuel Bandeira

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1982
Closure of the dam of the Itaipu hydro-electric power station.

Itaipu, at the border between Paraguay en Brazil and at a stone’s throw of the famous waterfalls of Foz do Iguaçu, was a prestigious project. Until the inauguration of the Three Gorges Dam in China, Itaipu was the largest in the world. A nature park, that was similar to that of Foz do Iguaçu, was sacrificed. Remains of that park are exhibited in the Itaipu ecological center. In 1978, a start was made with the opening of a canal, in order to construct the dam. In 1982, that lake  – with a size of 1350 square kilometers – was filled within fourteen days only. In 1984, the hydro-electric power station was inaugurated. At present, the station generates about 90 percent of the Paraguayan and less than 25 percent of the Brazilian energy.

 

ITAIPU
De sete quedas a usina de Itaipu	Itaipu – A Força da Amizade
Itaipu – A Pedra que Canta – Parte 1	Itaipu – A Pedra que Canta – Parte 2
O Brasil e suas usinas hidrelétricas	Energia para Dois Países

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1971
Launch of bulk carrier  Omnium Pride.

The ‘Omnium Pride’, was the first bulk carrier, constructed in Brazil, by Sermetal. The carrier mainly transported, under the Cypriot flag, rice, until its demolition in 1998.

^source

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1978
Ratification of the decree that made an end to the infamous AI-5 on 1 January 1979.

The decree was ratified by President Geisel. AI5 (Ato Institucional Número Cinco) was introduced in 1968, at the time of the military dictatorship. IT was one of the most rigid decrees, which inactivated habeas corpus: anyone could be arrested without the right of defense. In addition, the congress was dissolved. The laws, carried out by senators, congressmen and Councillors, became invalid. Political reunions were banned, and the president was allowed to declare martial law, and censure became more rigid.

 

AI-5
Ato Institucional Número Cinco (AI-5)	Brasil: Ditadura – O AI-5 e seus efeitos culturais
Trabalho História – Costa e Silva e o A.I. 5	AI-5

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1823
First issue of ‘Compilador de Minas’

Compilador de Minas was the first newspaper in Minas Gerais. This newspaper did not exist for long, less than two years. Almost all copies are stored in Biblioteca Nacional (National Library) in Rio de Janeiro. (click on the link of ‘Biblioteca Nacional’ for the PDFs)

 ^source

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2002
World title for Brazilian men’s volleyball team.

In Buenos Aires, Brazil beat Russia in the final, which lasted more than two hours: 3-2 ( 23-25, 27-25, 25-20, 23-25, 15-13). It was the first world title for Brazil. Brazil would win two more world titles, in 2006 and in 2010. Twenty years earlier, on 15 October and also in Buenos Aires, Russia beat the Brazilians: 3-0.  

^source

FIVB WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP VOLLEYBALL 2002
Brazil – Russia World Championship 2002 Final 3:2	FINAL MEN’S WCH 2002 BRAZIL 3 X 2 RUSSIA

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (257): September 14

Brazilian Days 253

September 14

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DAY OF:

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Dia da Comunidade Muçulmana

(Muslim community). A day that may ignite certain discussions in Europe, but in Brazil, where Jews and Muslims are able to live in peace with each other, such a day will not cause problems. This day has been introduced in 2006, to promote fraternization between the Muslim community and other religions. In São Paulo, the day of the Muslim is on May 12.

ISLAM IN BRAZIL
Islam no Brasil (Parte 1 de 4) – Programa Mulheres – TV Gazeta – Ramadan 2007 – Sao Paulo/SP	Islam no Brasil (Parte 2 de 4) – Programa Mulheres – TV Gazeta – Ramadan 2007 – Sao Paulo/SP
Islam no Brasil (Parte 3 de 4) – Programa Mulheres – TV Gazeta – Ramadan 2007 – Sao Paulo/SP	Islam no Brasil (Parte 4 de 4) – Programa Mulheres – TV Gazeta – Ramadan 2007 – Sao Paulo/SP
O caminho para a felicidade 1/6	O caminho para a felicidade 2/6
O caminho para a felicidade 3/6	O caminho para a felicidade 4/6
O caminho para a felicidade 5/6	O caminho para a felicidade 6/6

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Dia da Cruz

((Catholic) Cross). The cross, with or without the statue of Jesus Christ, serves as a symbol for the catholic community. In Brazil, it is common to make the cross sign when one enters a church or a chapel (sometimes they kneel too), or when one passes a church or a cemetery.

CHRISTIANITY IN BRAZIL
Catolicismo no Brasil	Metade do Brasil será evangélica em 2020 – Parte 1
Metade do Brasil será evangélica em 2020 – Parte 2	Metade do Brasil será evangélica em 2020 – Parte 3

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Dia do Operador de Redes Telefônicas

(Telephone operator)

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Dia do Frevo

(Frevo). The frevo is a traditional dance in the northeast of Brazil, and has its origin in Pernambuco. During carnival, you are not able to escape frevo in cities like Recife and Olinda. It is a dance with a fast rhythm and acrobatic movements. The origin of the word ‘frevo’ (swirling, boiling) already indicates that this dance makes the crowd to dance too. The dance has its origins from (Spanish) marching music, and the so-called maxixe, at the end of the 19th century. The first notification of frevo in a Brazilian newspaper took place in 1907. Since the thirties of the past century, Frevo has evolved into three different styles:

(1) Frevo-de-Rua: The most common and most unique frevo style. The music is not accompanied by some lyrics, but is purely based upon dancing.

(2) Frevo-Canção: The sung frevo. The hymn of the carnival in Recife is in this frevo style.

(3) Frevo-de-Bloco: The frevo is represented by a bloco, a group. They play and dance through the streets. Behind this bloco, a huge dancing crowd.

As already mentioned, the frevo dance is an acrobatic dance, generally accompanied with a little and colorful umbrella. The origin of the acrobatic elements (according to some sources, more than 120!) is to be found in the capoeira dance. The umbrella was to replace weapons in this capoeira dance, when it was not allowed for the dances to use weapons.

Frevo:

“Efervecência, agitação, confusão, rebuliço; apertão nas reuniões de grande massa popular no seu vai-e-vem em direções opostas como pelo Carnaval”

Vocabulário Pernambucano

 

FREVO
Capote da Madrugada – A História do Frevo	Trabalho de Arte – Frevo
ESCOLA DO FREVO – PERNAMBUCO	Brazil – 2009 World Culture Folk Dance Competition
FREVO: OS MELHORES 1	FREVO: OS MELHORES 2
100 ANOS DE FREVO 1 DEYVSON	100 ANOS DE FREVO 2 FOFINHA
100 ANOS DE FREVO 3 BHRUNNO	100 ANOS DE FREVO 4 JUNINHO
100 ANOS DE FREVO 5 INAÊ	100 ANOS DE FREVO 6
100 ANOS DE FREVO 7	100 ANOS DE FREVO 8 MINININHO
100 ANOS DE FREVO 9 CARLA	100 ANOS DE FREVO GLOBO

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1844
Recognition of the independence of Paraguay by the Brazilian government.

Although Paraguay became independent already in 1811, only 33 years later Brazil recognized its neighbor. Earlier in 1844, Carlos Antônio Lopez succeeded dictator José Gaspar Rodriguez, who died in France, as president of Paraguay. In 1862, he was succeeded by his son, Francisco Solano Lopez. His support to the independence struggles of Uruguay, ultimately became his Waterloos, and with him a great part of the Paraguayan people lost their lives during the war of Paraguay against the Triple Alliance (Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay).

PARAGUAY
Especial: Independencia del Paraguay	La historia del Paraguay independiente y soberano en 3D

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1741
Foundation of the city of Viamão (RS).

At that time, Rio Grande do Sul only was a passage to Colônia, a city in the Spanish colony (now Uruguay), founded by Portuguese. In 1741, Francisco Carvalho da Cunha, settled himself in the fields of Viamão, and constructed his dwelling ‘Estância Grande’. From 1766, following the Spanish invasion of capital Rio Grande, until 1773, Viamão was capital of the capitania São Pedro do Rio Grande. In 1773, Porto Alegre became the capital. At present, Viamão counts 239 thousand inhabitants (IBGE, 2010). Once a year, the Arroz com Leite festival is organized: rice and milk, the two principal agricultural products that are produced in Viamão.

  

VIAMÃO (RS)
Viamão do século passado	Turismo Viamão
Viamão	Viamão – Festa Arroz com Leite 2007

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1822
Prince Regent Pedro I was presented to the Brazilian people, in Teatro São João, Rio de Janeiro.

Seven days after his theatrical proclamation of the Brazilian independence, the people of Rio de Janeiro met their future emperor.

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1974
Inauguration of the first metro service in São Paulo.

The first metro line of seven kilometers went from Jabaquara to Vila Mariana, in the north-south direction. Prior to the inauguration, the people received extensive information about the use of escalators and electronic ticket machines, quite new at that time. At present, five metro lines are in use, with 64 stations over a total distance of 74.3 kilometers. The fifth metro line is partly in use, and it is expected to be fully operational in 2014. In 33 years time, the 117 trains made in total 300 million kilometers, almost 400 times a return ticket to Estação Luna (moon). On daily average, about three million Paulistas use the metro. About 17 billion people in 33 years time. The metro in São Paulo has a good reputation.

  

METRO IN SÃO PAULO
História do Metrô de São Paulo	Globo Reporter: Metrô de São Paulo
São Paulo Metro first world, the Yellow Line	Metro Sp – Hora do Rush
Sao Paulo Subway – Blue Line – Linha Azul Metro de Sao Paulo	Operação do Metrô na década de 1970

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
.

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Brazilian Days (116): April 26

Brazilian Days 116 

April 26

 

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DAY OF:

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Dia da 1ª Missa no Brasil
(First Christian Mass in Brazil). Five days after their arrival, the Portuguese realized the first Christian mass in Brazil. Painter Vitor Mereilles painted the event in 1860. His work is in the Museu de Belas Artes, Rio de Janeiro.

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Dia do Engraxate
(Bootblack, shoeshine boy).

SHOESHINE BOY
Os engraxates da Avenida Paulista	engraxate ritmista da mangueira
Engraxate Famoso	CHAVES – Engraxate Que Ficou Milionário

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Dia do Goleiro
(Goalkeeper).

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Dia Nacional de Prevenção e Combate à Hipertensão
(Prevention of & Battle against Hypertension).

 

 

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1984
Creation of Bairro (district) de Ipanema in Rio de Janeiro.

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1952
First issue of magazine  “Manchete”.

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1965
Inauguration of TV Globo.
Rede Globo was founded by Journalist Roberto Marinho. At present, it is one of the world’s largest television broadcasters with over 150 million daily viewers. Globo is the second largest commercial TV network, just behind American ABC. The Brazilian network is the largest telenovelas (TV soap series) in the world.

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1973
Treaty between Paraguay and Brazil, which permitted the construction of the hydro-electric power plant Itaipu.

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1500
Celebration of the first mass in Brazil
Five days after their arrival, the Portuguese discoverers realized the first Christian mass in Brazil. The ritual was led by Frei Henrique de Coimbra and his assistants. The location was a dune at Praia da Coroa Vermelha, on which the city of Porto Seguro is erected.

Citation from Pero Vaz de Caminha

FIRST MASS IN BRAZIL
A primeira Santa Missa no Brasil	Francisco Guimarães analisa a primeira missa no Brasil

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1859
Inauguration of public light and gas systems in Recife.

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
.