(Supermarket). Although some sources indicate 11 November as Dia do Supermercado, on 12 November 1968 a law (Lei 7208) was introduced referring to supermarkets. On the same day, Abras (Associação Brasileira de Supermercados: Brazilian Association of Supermarkets) was founded. For more than thirty years, Abras awards a annual trophy for the supplier with whom supermarkets experienced best interactions. The largest supermarket groups are: Companhia Brasileira de Distribuição (Grupo Pão de Açúcar, with Extra), Carrefour, Wal-Mart, Cencosud (Bretas), Zaffari.
Dia Nacional do Diretor de Escola
(School director). As already described yesterday, there is some confusion about this day: 11 or 12 November. It is easier to consider that school directors have two days to celebrate…
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1914 Death of poet Augusto de Carvalho Rodrigues dos Anjos (1884-1914).
Augusto, born in Paraíba, was taught to read by his father. In 1903, he started to study Law in Recife and graduated four years later. However, he did not work as a lawyer, but he was a teacher of Portuguese language and literature. Augusto, already married, then moved to Rio de Janeiro, to teach Geography. In 1911, his only son died prematurely. Two years later, he moved to Minas Gerais to manage a group of schools and to give private classes. In 1912, his first and only book was published: ‘Eu” (‘I’). This book made Augusto one of the greatest poets of his time. He did not enjoy his fame for a long time. Augusto died because of pneumonia at the age of 30, in 1914.
A Idéia
De onde ela vem?!
De que matéria bruta
Vem essa luz que sobre as nebulosas
Cai de incógnitas criptas misteriosas Como as estalactites duma gruta?!
Vem da psicogenética e alta luta
Do feixe de moléculas nervosas,
Que, em desintegrações maravilhosas,
Delibera, e depois, quer e executa! Vem do encéfalo absconso que a constringe,
Chega em seguida às cordas do laringe,
Tísica, tênue, mínima, raquítica … Quebra a força centrípeta que a amarra,
Mas, de repente, e quase morta, esbarra
No mulambo da língua paralítica.
1823 Dissolution of the Constitutional Assembly by Emperor Pedro I
This assembly was created on 23 May 1823. Per decree, and with military help, the emperor dissolved the assembly, since he was at oods with the parliamentarians.
1986 Brazil granted asylum to Chilean political refugees.
As a reaction upon the Brazilian invasion in Uruguay, Paraguayan troops of the vessel “Tacuarí‘ boarded the Brazilian vessel ‘Marquês de Olinda’ and captured the crew. This action was ordered by the Paraguayan dictator Francisco Solano López. The war only ended in 1870, after the death of the dictator.
(Banana). In Brazil, more than half a million hectares are used by banana plantations. The total banana production is about seven million tons. A significant part is exported. However, due to import taxes, there is almost no export to the EU countries.
Yellow: concentration of banana
plantations (80% of Brazilian production)
Carmen Miranda – Chiquita Banana Carmen Miranda
I’m Chiquita banana and I’ve come to say Bananas have to ripen in a certain way When they are fleck’d with brown and have a golden hue
Bananas taste the best and are best for you You can put them in a salad
You can put them in a pie-aye
Any way you want to eat them
It’s impossible to beat them
But, bananas like the climate of the very, verytropical equator
So you should never put bananas in the refrigerator
Projeto Formoso “A” A cultura da banana no Oeste Baiano
Programa Ação Rural – Cultivo de Banana
Dia de campo na tv – Produção de bananas em áreas alteradas
BRS Conquista: nova cultivar de banana da Embrapa
As propiedades medicinais da Banana
Dia Nacional de Defesa da Fauna
(Fauna protection). It is generally known, that Brazil is very rich in fauna life. More than 500 amphibian species, almost 500 reptile species, more than 500 mammal species, more than 1600 bird species, 3000 fish species, and about 15 million insect species. Many species are threatened with extinction, due to climate changes and deforestation, for example. Unfortunately, many animals are captured for international trade. It is estimated that no less than 12 million animals are traded annually. For each sold animal, about nine did not survive their captivity. Animal trade is very profitable, only drug and weapon trade generate more money…
“Não temos nas mãos, a solução para todos os problemas do mundo, mas diante dos problemas do mundo, temos nossas mãos”.
(Accountant). The profession of accountant is established by decree 9295 (1946). De Conselho Federal de Contabilidade (Federal Council of Accountants) has described the profession in more detail in Resolution 570. Accountants have St. Matthew as their patron saint. They also have a specific signet ring, and a caduceus: a staff with the winged helmet of Mercurius, de Roman god of commerce, on top of it, and flanked by two meandering snakes. The symbol represent the integration of the four elements: air, water, fire, earth. On 22 September 1945, the first accountant education institute was started. Obviously, the feast day of the patron saint is not on 22 September, but on 21 September. .
ACCOUNTANT
História da Contabilidade
Bate-Papo com Contadores – SPED Fiscal
Dia do Amante
(Lover). One may find broad explanations about lovers: from real lovers to extramarital lovers. Therefore, it is no coincidence that there exist a great number of humorous items about this day on internet.
Dia Mundial sem Carro
(World Car-free Day). In mega city São Paulo, with more than ten million inhabitants, one out of two people have a car. This means a number of five million cars in the city. This number is increasing with more than 500 per day. Forty percent of air pollution in São Paulo is caused by transport. It is calculated that the inhabitants have reduction of eighteen months of their average life expectancy. On annual basis, there are almost 1500 deaths due to traffic accidents. Therefore, a car-free day is introduced to leave the car at home, and to reflect about the car and traffic problems. The first Word Car-free Day was held in France in 1997. Since then, more countries followed, including São Paulo in 2005.
WORLD CAR-FREE DAY
Car Free Day: London
Hoje Dia Mundial Sem Carros é um Sucesso-World Car Free Day
World Carfree Day in São Paulo 2007
Car Free Day – Inspirational Video – “Night Falls”
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1767 Birth of father José Maurício Nunes Garcia (1767-1830).
Father José was born in Rio de Janeiro, and never had left his city in his life. He had a Portuguese father and a slave mother. José was very productive in composing church music. Historically, father José may be considered a s a pioneer of Brazilian music.
FATHER JOSÉ MAURÍCIO NUNES GARCIA
José Maurício Nunes Garcia – Tota Pulchra Es Maria – (Vox Brasiliensis)
Pe. José Maurício Nunes Garcia – Missa de Santa Cecília CPM 113 – 01. Kyrie
Pe. José Maurício Nunes Garcia –
Credo em Dó Maior CPM 122 –
1. Credo in unum Deum
Requiem do Pe. José Maurício Nunes Garcia (Introitus) – Coro Madrigale (2008)
Cravo harpsichord Lição n°5 Padre José Maurício
1897 Death of Antônio Vicente Mendes Maciel (1830-1897), “Antônio Conselheiro”, leader of Canudos.
Canudos was a small settlement in the northeast of the state of Bahia, near the border with the state of Sergipe. The population mainly consisted of freed slaves, mestizos, and indians. Antônio considered himself as a messiah; as a redeemer of the poor and desperate. He gained a considerable number of followers, and wandered with them through various Brazilian states until they settled themselves in Canudos. His messianistic reputation attracted no less than eight thousand followers to Canudos. The mayor of larger Juazeiro, nearby Canudos, feared social unrest and requested provincial troops. A small expedition army was eliminated in an ambush, by followers of Antônio. As a result, President Prudente de Morais sent federal troops to Canudos. The first battle resulted in a defeat for the federal troops. A second, larger expedition force also was confronted with fierce resistance and was forced to retreat. English intervention caused the government to send another army, in order to contral these monarchist insurrectionists. A giant howitzer and machine guns were the new weapons of the federal army. Meanwhile, the rebels suffered famine and were badly equipped. Antônio died of dysentery and malnutrition, due to fasting for penitence. Canudos was surrounded and bombed for days. The rebels surrendered, there were only three armed men left. The men had their throats cut off, the women were raped or sent off to brothels in Salvador. Antônio’s head was transported to Rio de Janeiro, where it was exhibited as a trophy. it is estimated that more than fifteen thousand inhabitants of Canudos died during the military operations.
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CANUDOS
CANUDOS
GUERRA DE CANUDOS
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 1/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 2/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 3/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 4/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 5/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 6/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 7/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 8/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 9/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 10/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 11/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 12/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 13/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 14/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 15/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 16/18)
PGuerra de Canudos – (parte 17/18)
Guerra de Canudos – (parte 18/18)
1866 Defeat of the allied troops in Curupaiti, during the Paraguayan War.
On 2 September, the Brazilian army, together with Argentinian and Uruguayan army units, had conquered the Paraguayan Fortress of Curuzú. The allied forces wanted to progress to the Fortress of Curupaiti, which was already fortified by the Paraguayans. Abundant rainfall also was an advantage for the Paraguayans, who managed to withstand, despite the loss of 2500 men. The allied troops lost 4000 men. As a result of this defeat, the Duke of Caxias was appointed as head of the Brazilian army; two years later, he managed to conquer the Paraguayan fortress.
CURUPAITI & PARAGUAYAN WAR
Curupayti batalla
GUERRA DEL PARAGUAY ” LA BATALLA DE CURUPAYTY” 22 de Setiembre de 1866
TV TUPI – inauguração da TV brasileira – com áudio (1950)
Dia do Perdão
(Forgiveness). Yesterday was the day of mutual comprehension and respect, today is another day with reason for self reflection. This day is not related to the Jewish day of forgiveness, the Yom Kipur, which starts on October 22.
PERDÃO
Dia do Perdão
Dia dos Símbolos Nacionais
(Brazilian Symbols).The four Brazilian symbols are: the flag, the emblem, the hymn and the seal. Why are these national symbols so important? A government website explains about every symbol:
Flag:The flag symbolizes an obtained or requested protection. Who carries a flag, has to keep it above his head. On this way, the flag bearer launches a request to heaven, a kind of connection between heaven and earth. The flag bearer hopes for heavenly intervention. The flag later became the symbol of protection by its ‘owner’: the feudal lord, the general, the head of state, the saint, the organization, the country. The flag serves as a moral protection for what the flag represents.
Emblem:The emblem (or shield) is an anti-monster that is able to change into a monster at his turn, when it is not used in the combat against the enemy, but as domination of the friend. The shield therefore is an instrument for justice AND oppression. The shield follows the direction, the aim of his master. Some shields symbolize functions: the bludgeon, the baton, and the whip symbolize the power of a leader; the lance, the sword, the bow, and the arrow symbolize the power of a warrior; the knife, the dagger, and the spear symbolize the persisting hunter; the lightning and the rays are symbols of supernatural powers.
Seal:The seal was essential in early eastern civilizations. The kind pressed his seal on the documents bearing his decrees. It was a symbol of authority and power, an authorization that generally was recognized and respected. The seal also provided protection to documents that were about to be revealed at a later time, like last wills. Sealing therefore gained the significance of ‘closing, keeping for later’, the symbol of secrecy.
Hymn:In ancient times, it was assumed that music was a harmony between the numbers and the universe, and that this universe could be reduced to musical numbers. By making music, the musician was able to contact the universe. In all civilizations, music has become one of the most essential elements of life; music in the form of hymns, songs, melodies.
BRAZILIAN SYMBOLS
Símbolos Nacionais
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1950 Inauguration of TV Tupi, the first tv channel in Latin America.
Thanks to the efforts of Francisco de Assis Chateaubriand Bandeira de Melo. He was owner of Diários Associados, publisher of newspapers, and a radio station. Francisco was responsible for the first broadcast on April 3, 1950, but this broadcast only was visible within the building of Diários Associados. On September 18, TV Tupi went on air, with the program ‘TV na Taba’. In order to have a representative number of spectators, Assis Chateaubriand imported about 200 televisions from the United States, and distributed them in São Paulo. In 2001, the ‘Dia da Televisão’ was introduced by law.
TV IN BRAZIL
Vinhetas da TV Tupi
FIM TV TUPI
1955 First live broadcast of a soccer match on the Brazilian television.
The match between Santos and Palmeiras was broadcasted by TV Record.
1822 Design of the National Symbols of Brazil.
Dom Pedro I signed three decrees: the first three political activities of young independent Brazil. One of the decrees was about the flag and the emblem: ‘The emblem of the Brazilian empire has to be on a green field, with a sphere, on which the Cross of the Order of Christ and in the border a blue circle with nineteen silver stars: a king’s crown with diamonds. The emblem must be flanked by the plants of coffee and tobacco, emblems of the natural richness of our nation […]’.
“O Brasão de Armas do Brasil Reino serão, em um campo verde, uma esfera armilar sobreposta em uma cruz da Ordem de Cristo a esfera do ouro circulada por 19 estrelas de prata em um círculo azul; e uma coroa real com os diamantes ajustados sobre o protetor, os lados de que embracado por duas plantas do café e do tabaco, como emblemas de seus [ riquezas do reino ], em suas cores apropriadas e serão amarrados no fundo com o fitão nacional.”
1865 Surrender of the Paraguayan armed forces in Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul.
Since 1864, Paraguay and Brazil were at war with each other. Argentina and Uruguay joined Brazil, they formed the Triple Alliance. Paraguayan troops invaded the state of Mato Grosso, and the north of Argentina, and started the attack on Rio Grande do Sul. In Uruguaiana the Paraguayan army was forced to surrender. This phase was the only moment that emperor Pedro II visited the war zone.
Dia da Pizza
(Pizza).Although this day has been introduced in the United States, The Day of the Pizza also is listed on the Brazilian calendar. The modern pizza indeed originates from Italy, at the end of the 19th century in Naples, through the hands of Rosa and Raffael Espósito. Their dough product quickly gained fame, and even reached the Italian royal court. Queen Margherita received a pizza of basil, mozzarella, and tomatoes, like the colors of the Italian flag. This pizza flavor has been named after the queen since then. The first pizzeria was opened in Italy in 1830. With the arrival of Italian migrants, pizza was introduced in Brazil. Initially exclusively in the cuisines and restaurants of the Italian communities, but soon enough the pizza became popular among Brazilians. At present there exists many pizzerias, who have introduced their unique flavors: chocolate, banana, strawberry, amongst others.
Dia Nacional da Saúde Ocular
(Ocular health).In Brazil, more than 750 thousand cataract surgeries and 200 ocular laser treatments are performed annually. The WHO World Sight Day is being held on the second Thursday in October.
Dia do Truco
(Truco card game).“TRRUUCCOO!!” You might hear this on the streets, in the bars, at school campuses. A yell that instantly gains your attention, when you are not used to that. What is going on, someone in need? More screams and yells, it is getting worse! These are the first impressions when you hear a group of fanatic truco players. Truco is a card game with elements of other known card games such as poker. The game is played with two couples, they sit opposite of each other. These couples may have certain codes to mention each other of the cards in the hand. The game consists of a number of rounds. Who wins most rounds, with bluffing, is winner. There exist regional variants, like truco minero (Minas Gerais), paulista (São Paulo), goiano (Goiás), and variants in neighboring countries.
1865 Emperor Dom Pedro II departed from Rio de Janeiro to Uruguaiana (Rio Grande do Sul) at the time of the war of the Triple Alliance (Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay) against Paraguay.
1974 Hino dos Bandeirantes became the official hymn of the state of São Paulo. Hino dos Bandeirantes
Paulista, pára um só instante Dos teus quatro séculos ante A tua terra sem fronteiras, O teu São Paulo das “bandeiras”!
Deixa atrás o presente: Olha o passado à frente!
Vem com Martim Afonso a São Vicente! Galga a Serra do Mar! Além, lá no alto, Bartira sonha sossegadamente Na sua rede virgem do Planalto. Espreita-a entre a folhagem de esmeralda; Beija-lhe a Cruz de Estrelas da grinalda! Agora, escuta! Aí vem, moendo o cascalho, Botas-de-nove-léguas, João Ramalho. Serra-acima, dos baixos da restinga, Vem subindo a roupeta De Nóbrega e de Anchieta.
Contempla os Campos de Piratininga! Este é o Colégio.
Adiante está o sertão. Vai! Segue a entrada! Enfrenta! Avança! Investe!
Norte – Sul – Este – Oeste, Em “bandeira” ou “monção”, Doma os índios bravios.
Rompe a selva, abre minas, vara rios; No leito da jazida Acorda a pedraria adormecida; Retorce os braços rijos E tira o ouro dos seus esconderijos!
Bateia, escorre a ganga, Lavra, planta, povoa. Depois volta à garoa!
E adivinha através dessa cortina, Na tardinha enfeitada de miçanga,
A sagrada Colina Ao Grito do Ipiranga! Entreabre agora os véus!
Do cafezal, Senhor dos Horizontes, Verás fluir por plainos, vales, montes, Usinas, gares, silos, cais, arranha-céus!
Inside Brazil 
