Brazilian Days (293): October 20

Brazilian Days 293

October 20

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DAY OF:

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Dia Internacional do Arquivista

(Archivist). On many locations in Brazil,  various activities are organized: from collective lunches to congresses. On 20 October 1823, the Public Archive was created in Brazil. The creation was proposed by congressman Pedro de Araújo Lima, Marquis de Olinda. On 2 January 1838,  the Public Archive (Arquivo Público) became regulated by law. On 20 October 1971, the Associação dos Arquivistas Brasileiros (AAB; Brazilian Archivists Association) was founded. According to lei 6.546/78, an archivist must have completed superior education in Archival Science. The International Archives Day is on 9 June, organized by the International Council on Archives.

“O trabalho de um Arquivista nunca termina. É um trabalho para a posteridade no duplo sentido de ser feito para e pela posteridade.”

 

ARCHIVIST
Dia do Arquivista – Por: TV Paracatu	O que as pessoas pensam sobre arquivologia e sobre o trabalho do Arquivista
A Day in the Life of an Archivist	A Day in the Life of a Processing Archivist

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Dia do Poeta

(Poet). There is some confusion about the exact date of Dia do Poeta: 4 or 20 October? Since the date is not officially regulated, it is proposed to have the International Poet’s Day on 4 October, and the Brazilian Poet’s Day on 20 October.

Some obvious citations:

Não sou alegre nem sou triste: sou poeta
I am not happy, I am not sad: I am a poet.
(Cecília Meireles)

Ao contato do amor, todos se tornam poetas.
Touched by love, everyone becomes a poet.
(Platão)

É tão fácil ser poeta, e tão difícil ser um homem
It is so easy to be a poet and so hard to be a man.
(Charles Bukowski)

Minha poesia é cheia de imperfeições. Se eu fosse crítico, apontaria muitos defeitos. Não vou apontar. Deixo para os outros. Minha obra é pública.
My poems are full of mistakes. If I were a critic, I would detect these mistakes. I won’t detect anything. I will leave that to others. My works are public.
(Carlos Drummond)

 

POETAS
10 Grandes Poetas Brasileiros	Circuito da Poesia do Recife
O Poeta de Sete Faces (1/9)	O Poeta de Sete Faces (2/9)
O Poeta de Sete Faces (3/9)	O Poeta de Sete Faces (4/9)
O Poeta de Sete Faces (5/9)	O Poeta de Sete Faces (6/9)
O Poeta de Sete Faces (7/9)	O Poeta de Sete Faces (8/9)
O Poeta de Sete Faces (9/9)

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Dia Internacional do Controlador de Tráfego Aéreo

(International Day of the Air Traffic Controller). Air traffic control in Brazil is run by the Brazilian Air Force; therefore, the air traffic controllers have completed military education. The air traffic controllers are united within the Associação Brasileira dos Controladores de Tráfego Aéro (ABCTA). The large-scale expansion of Brazilian air traffic will need a large number of highly educated (includes fluency in English!) air traffic controllers in the near future.

“APORTUGUESOU A FRASEOLOGIA INGLESA”

 

AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
Atcos day 2010	Trafego aéreo mundial
Tráfego Aéreo Brasileiro, 1/2, Brazilian Air Traffic	Tráfego Aéreo Brasileiro, 2/2, Brazilian Air Traffic
Fly Series 1 – Air traffic control in Europe	Tutorial Fraseologia

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1991
Third Formula One world title for Ayrton Senna da Silva (1960-1994)

Ayton finished in the race on the Japanese Suzuka circuit, behind Gerhard Berger. Number two on the ranking list, Nigel Mansell, was no longer able to surpass him in the remaining race in Australia. Ayrton also became world champion in 1988 and in 1990. In his career of 162 races competed, he gained 65 pole positions, 80 podiums, and won 41 races. On 1 May 1994, Ayrton suffered a fatal crash on the San Marino circuit.

 

AYRTON SENNA 1991
SENNA Tricampeão Mundial	Ayrton Senna Tri Campeonato

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1748
Death of the last Brazilian condemned of the Portuguese Inquisition

Since the end of the 15th century,  inquisition waves occurred for centuries on the Iberian Peninsula. In Spain as well as in Portugal, more than  30 thousand convicts were purified at the stake. The Spanish Inquisition started with the publication of the Alhambra Decree in 1492. As a result Jews had to convert themselves to Christianity or leave Spain. This decree was in effect until 1834. The Portuguese Inquisition stated later, in 1536 (other sources claim 1497 as starting year) and lasted until 1821. Special inquisitors were sent to Brazil, since many migrants secretly maintained the Jewish rituals.

   

INQUISITION IN BRAZIL
A Inquisição Protestante,Anabatistas,Crianças queimadas,Brasil,PARTE 1	A Inquisição Protestante,Anabatistas,Crianças queimadas,Brasil,PARTE 2
1st. Museum of the History of the Inquisition in Brazil	Matéria Rede Globo – Museu da História da Inquisição

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (292): October 19

Brazilian Days 292

October 19

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Piauí

(State of Piauí). The state of Piauí is located in the northeastern region of Brazil. The state is slightly larger than the United Kingdom and hosts little more than 3 million inhabitants, of which almost 9000 thousand live in the capital, Teresina. Piauí is one of the poorest states of Brazil. The state exports essential oil, soybeans, cotton (products), and cashew. The state hosts a large number of archeological sites and boast to have the largest concentration of rock paintings in the world. The Serra da Capivara National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. See also below.

 

PIAUÍ (PI)
Dia do Piauí	PICOS ESPECIAL PARA O DIA DO PIAUI
Dia do Piauí	Turismo no Piauí
Teresina	Sitios arqueológicos do Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara

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Dia do Guarda Noturno

(Night watch). These uniformed men guard buildings and terrains. They usually occupy a gatehouse, near the main entrance. Normally they do not posses firearms, but they may carry a baton.

 

GUARDA NOTURNO
CÂMERAS DE VIGILÂNCIA NOTURNA DE LONGO ALCANCE	Vigia Noturno

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1901
Successful balloon flight over the Eiffel Tower by Alberto Santos Dumont

Alberto flew with his balloon Santos Dumont 6 a 11 km tour above the Eiffel Tower in Paris. Since Alberto managed to complete this attempt within 30 seconds of the limit, he won the prestigious Deutsch Prize, worth 100 thousand francs. He awarded his team, and the rest of the money was distributed among almost 4000 poor people in Paris.

“Iniciei a construção de um novo balão e novo motor, o numero 6, um pouco mais forte e maior. Três semanas, contadas dia por dia, após o último desastre, meu aparelho, o n.º 6, estava pronto. Em 19 de Outubro (1901), à tarde, pois a manhã foi chuvosa, subi de novo, contornei a Torre, a uma altura de 250 metros, sobre uma enorme multidão que aí estacionava à minha espera, e passei por Autenil, sobre o hipódromo do mesmo nome, que ficava em meu caminho. Havia corridas; a minha passagem, tanto na ida como na volta, despertou um delírio de aplausos; ouvi a gritaria e vi lenços e chapéus arrojados no ar; eu distava da terra apenas de 50 a 100 metros… Da minha saída ao momento em que passei do zênite do ponto de partida, decorreram 29 minutos e 30 segundos. Com a velocidade que levava, passei a linha da chegada – como fazem os yachts, os barcos a petróleo, os cavalos de corridas, etc. – , diminuí a força do motor e virei de bordo; então, voltando, e com menos velocidade, manobrei para tocar a terra, o que fiz em 31 minutos após minha partida. Pois bem, alguns senhores quiseram que fosse esse o tempo oficial! Grandes polêmicas. Tive comigo toda a imprensa e o povo de Paris e também Son Altesse Imperiale le Prince Roland Bonaparte, presidente da Comissão Científica que ia julgar o assunto. O voto me foi favorável. Não se tinham passado dois anos e eram ganhos os cem mil francos do prêmio Deutsch, que, acrescidos aos juros e mais prêmios pequenos, perfazia o total de 129.000 francos, que foram assim destinados: 50.000 francos aos meus mecânicos e operários das usinas que me tinham auxiliado; e o restante a mais de 3.950 pobres de Paris, distribuídos, a pedido meu, pelo Sr. Lepine, Chefe de Polícia, em donativos de menos de 20 francos. Por essa ocasião, o saudoso Sr. Campos Sales, então Presidente da República, enviou-me uma medalha de ouro e, logo, em seguida, fui agradavelmente surpreendido com o recebimento com o prêmio de 100:000$000, que me foi oferecido pelo Congresso Nacional; além destas, duas outras medalhas recebi: uma do Instituto de França, outra do Aero Club de França.”

SANTOS DUMONT
Santos Dumont – O Homem Pode Voar – Documentário	GNT – Wings of Madness – Santos Dumont – Subtitles in Portuguese
Curta-Metragem HOMEM VOA?	Réplica do Balão Brasil de Santos Dumont na Univali

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1822
Proclamation of the independence of the state of Piauí (PI).

In Parnaíba, the independence of the state of Piauí, with Dom Pedro I as constitutional emperor, was proclaimed by Simplício Dias da Silva, João Cândido de Deus e Silva, Domingos Dias, amongst others. This day is now known as Dia do Piauí. Following the proclamation, the state continued to be under Portuguese command until 24 January 1823, when Brigadeiro Manoel de Sousa Martins, viscount of Parnaíba, declared the state independent. On 13 March 1823, Portuguese troops confronted an improvised Brazilian army at Jenipapo. The bloody battle resulted in a victory for the Portuguese, but it was the start of the creation of Brazilian unity.

 

PIAUÍ
Descobertas – Especial sobre a história do Piauí	Hino do Piauí – Imagens

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (291): October 18

Brazilian Days 291

October 18

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Médico

(Phyisician). Today is the feast day of St. Luke, patron saint of physicians. St. Luke, known as the author of the third Gospel, was a physician. The father of modern medicine is the famous Greek physician Hippocrates. Brazil has generated a number of  world famous phyisicians:

Carlos Chagas. In 1909, he discovered an infectious disease, that is named after him.
Vital Brazil. He made research with yellow fever and cholera
Oswaldo Cruz. He worked together with Louis Pasteur, and made research with yellow fever and plague
Gaspar Viana. He made research with leishmaniosis.

     
Chagas/ Brazil / Cruz / Vianna

Fragment Oath to Hippocrates:

Ὄμνυμι Ἀπόλλωνα ἰητρὸν καὶ Ἀσκληπιὸν καὶ Ὑγίειαν καὶ Πανάκειαν καὶ θεοὺς πάντας τε καὶ πάσας, ἵστορας ποιεύμενος, ἐπιτελέα ποιήσειν κατὰ δύναμιν καὶ κρίσιν ἐμὴν ὅρκον τόνδε καὶ συγγραφὴν τήνδε· ἡγήσασθαι μὲν τὸν διδάξαντά με τὴν τέχνην ταύτην ἴσα γενέτῃσιν ἐμοῖσι καὶ βίου κοινώσασθαι καὶ χρεῶν χρηίζοντι μετάδοσιν ποιήσασθαι,

“I swear by Apollo the physician, by Aesculapius, Hygeia, and Panacea, and I take to witness all the gods, all the goddesses, to keep according to my ability and judgment the following oath:”

“Eu juro, por Apolo, médico, por Esculápio, Higia e Panacéia, e tomo por testemunhas todos os deuses e todas as deusas, cumprir, segundo meu poder e minha razão, a promessa que se segue:”

Poema pelo Dia do Médico Feliz dia do médico
Quando nascemos, recebemos diferentes missões. A sua missão é de salvar vidas!Pelo talento de suas mãos, transforma todo homem em bonança.Sua alma não se contém diante do desespero de uma criança ou de um idoso.Por isso, você vai operando milagres, trazendo esperança a corações desesperançados.Falar de seu ofício de médico não é fácil. Existem muitas dificuldades e seu trabalho é incansável.	Sabemos que você o faz poramor ao ser humano, altruísta sempre.Não há tempos, nem momentos para fazer o bem, por isso, devemos a você nossa saúde.Você não escolhe dia para exercer a sua profissão. Para você, todo dia é dia de salvar vidas.Por isso, seremos sempre gratos e rendemos nossas homenagens.Nosso sincero agradecimento de quem sabe que, sem você, nossa vida não seria tão feliz.

MÉDICO
dia do médico – Juramento de Hipócrates	18 de Outubro. Dia do Médico
O Médico	Conselho Federal de Medicina
Novo Código de Ética Médica – parte 1	Novo Código de Ética Médica – parte 2
A saúde no Brasil colônia	A história da saúde no Brasil

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Dia do Estivador

(Stevedore). There is enough work for the stevedores, responsible for the loading and unloading of the ships, in Brazilian harbors. According the to Brazilian Ministry of Work, there are 38 thousand stevedores in Brazil. The profession of stevedore is regulated by Law 8630/93 (1993).

Monument of the stevedore, Santos (SP)

STEVEDORE
Assunto do Dia – Dia dos Estivadores – RBC TV	Fora de Série – Estivadores
Stevedore	Stevedores, Except Equipment Operators

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Dia Internacional da Menopausa

(Menopause). The number of women in menopause is increasing. Not only in the developed world, but also in Brazil. This World Menopause Day is organized by the International Menopause Society, in collaboration with WHO. Today, there is attention for women who have to deal with (the consequences of) menopause.

 

MENOPAUSE
world menopause day	Menopausa ainda é tabu para as mulheres – HOJE EM DIA – 13/09/2011
Understanding Menopause (Menopause #1)	Symptoms of Menopause (Menopause #2)
Identifying Menopause (Menopause #3)	The Hormone Therapy Debate (Treating Menopause #1)
Hormone Therapy (Treating Menopause #2)	Hormone Therapy Alternatives (Treating Menopause #3)

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Dia do Pintor de Paredes e Automóveis

(Painter and Car Sprayer). The day is the artistic painter is on 5 May.

 

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1517
Birth of father Manuel da Nóbrega (1517-1570).

In 1549, Manuel, born in Portugal, arrived in Brazil, as Superior of the Jesuits. He was co-founder of the cities of Salvador (1549), São Paulo (1554), and Rio de Janeiro (1565-1567). In that time,Manuel had traveled all capitanias from São Vicente in the south to Pernambuco in the north. Therefore, he was appointed as counselor for the governors Tomé de Souza and Mem de Sà.

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1570
Death of father Manuel da Nóbrega (1517-1570).

See above.

MANOEL DA NÓBREGA
Padre Manuel da Nóbrega – Série “Construtores do Brasil” – TV Câmara	Emmanuel, encarnação do padre Manuel da Nóbrega

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1992
Large-scale robberies on Ipanema Beach, Rio de Janeiro .

Big headlines appeared in Brazilian newspapers the next day.  There is some confusion about what exactly and where exactly it had happened. First, the location was not Ipanema Beach, but adjacent Arpoador Beach. There was a big fight between rivaling gangs from neighboring favelas (slums) who had spend their night in a nightclub: Baile Funk. Because of the large group of fighting gang members and the chaotic situation, smaller gangs took their advantage of the commotion and robbed everyone on Arpoador Beach. Twenty years later, people are still afraid for a new raid, despite the presence of a permanent police station on the that beach.

Beaches in Rio (from left to right: Leblon,
Ipanema, Arpoador, Diabo, Copacabana, Leme)

IPANEMA 1992

Arrastão na Praia de Ipanema, 1992.

 

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (290): October 17

Brazilian Days 290

October 17

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Eletricista

(Electrician). According to numbers of the Brazilian Ministry of Employment, there are 114 thousand registered electricians in Brazil (2008). When adding the unregistered electricians, the real number should be much higher. The Brazilian electricity network is very elaborate, and had undergone major revisions in 1940, 1960, 1980, 1990, and 1997. Electricians do not only work in houses and business premises, but the are also active in the streets. Since the Brazilian electricity network is an overhead network, one may regularly observe electricians doing their work in the streets, especially after fierce thunder and rainstorms, which may cause breakage of electricity cables.

 

ELECTRICIAN
17 de outubro – Dia do Eletricista	Eletricidade
Bom Dia Brasil – Eletricistas trabalham nas alturas fazendo manobras de risco em torres	SÉRIE EMPREGO “ELETRICISTA”

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Dia do Maquinista da Marinha

(Naval engineer). The invention of steam machines generated an intense revolution in the 19th century. Navy vessels were redesigned, equipped with steam engines. In 1857, the Corpo de Maquinistas (Engineering Corps) was created by the Brazilian Navy. Patron of this corps is Admiral Ary Parreiras, who was born on 17 October 1890 in Niterói. He enlisted in the Navy in 1907, and soon demonstrated his technical and leading talents. During the Second World War, he moved with his family to Natal, in order to construct and to command the naval base there. This base, of crucial strategical importance during the war, is now named after the admiral.

YouTube Channel Brazilian Navy

 

BRAZILIAN NAVY
Marinha do Brasil – Brazilian Navy	Documentario Corveta Julio de Noronha

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Dia da Indústria Aeronáutica Brasileira

(Brazilian Aircraft Industry). On 17 October 1935, the first Brazilian-made airplane was inaugurated. It was a biplane, type Muniz M-7, projected by Antônio Guedes Muniz. Only 28 planes of this type were fabricated at Campo dos Afonsos in Rio de Janeiro, but had symbolical impact upon the Brazilian aircraft industry. The Associação das Indústrias Aeroespaciais do Brasil (AIAB; Association of Brazilian Aerospace Industry) revealed that the industry generated 6.8 billion U.S. dollars in 2011, and that it provided work for almost 23 thousand people. Best known Brazilian aircraft brand is Embraer.

 

BRAZILIAN AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY
Embraer Video Institucional, 2007	Especial Embraer – 14/08/2009

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Dia do Profissional de Propaganda (APP)

(Propaganda professional). On 29 September 1937, one of the oldest publicity associations of Southern America, Associação dos Paulista de Propaganda, now known as Associação dos Profissionais de Propaganda, was founded. The association provides technical, professional, and ethical assistance to the propaganda professionals.

 

PROPAGANDA PROFESSIONAL
Campanha APP “O Que É”	DIA NACIONAL DO PROFISSIONAL DE PROPAGANDA – EDUARDO BIAGI – PUBLICITÁRIO (+ESTILO)

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Dia Internacional para a Eliminação da Pobreza

(International Day for the Eradication of Poverty). Since 1993, when the General Assembly of the United Nations accepted resolution 47/196, 17 October is introduced to promote awareness of the need to eradicate poverty and destitution in the world.

Theme for 2012:

‘Working together out of poverty’

   

INTERNATIONAL FOR ERADICATION OF POVERTY
International Day for the Eradication of Poverty (IFAD)	International Day for Eradication of Poverty (UN)
October 17 2007, World Day to Overcome Extreme Poverty PART1	October 17 2007, World Day to Overcome Extreme Poverty PART2

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1969
Promulgation of the Seventh Brazilian Constitution, also known as Amendment of 1969

Three years after the military coup in 1964, the Sixth Constitution was published, thereby replacing the 1946 constitution. With the new constitution, political and civil rights and freedom were severely curtailed. In 1969, the constitution was almost completely rewritten, and therefore considered as another constitution. With this document extra tools for the military regime were described: state of emergency, capital punishment, banishment, suspension of habeas corpus, travel restrictions. From 1979, the tools gradually became less severe, until the transition to civilian rule in 1985. The new constitution was published in 1988.

 

CONSTITUIÇÃO 1967-1969
A Constituição de 1967	Constituição de 1969

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1829
Marriage of emperor Dom Pedro I with princess Amélia de Leuchtenberg

Dom Pedro I’s first marriage was with archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria, daughter of Francis II, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. They married in 1817. Leopoldina gave birth to five children and died in 1826. Dom Pedro was not very discrete and had some paramours. His notorious love life made his search for another European bride very difficult, but the match was found with Amélie Napoleon de Beauharnais, granddaughter of Marie Josephine, wife of Napoleon. It was Napoleon who caused the flight of the Portuguese royal court to Brazil. Pedro I and Amélia had one daughter, Maria Amélia, who died of tuberculosis at the age of 22. Amélia survived her husband (who died in 1834 in Portugal), and died at the age of 60 in 1873. Her mortal remains were transported to São Paulo in 1982. Pedro I founded the Imperial Order of the Rose on the day of this marriage.

   

DONA AMÉLIA
Cripta Imperial da Independência: 1º Reinado	Princess Maria Amelia of Brazil (daughter)

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1869
Death of journalist, entrepreneur and politician Teófilo Otoni (1807-1869)

Teófilo Benedito Otoni was born in Serro (MG). At the age of 19, he enlisted the Navy School in Rio de Janeiro, where he clandestinely met Freemasons. In 1835, Teófilo started his political career, he was Brazilian senator from 1864 to 1869. He participated in the 1842 revolution, but was defeated by Luis Alves de Lima e Silva, the Duque de Caxias. Teófilo was captured but later was released. Teófilo had liberal, republican dreams, and found his inspiration from the American city of Philadephia. He founded his own Filadélfia in the Valley of Mucuri, in Northeast Minas Gerais. Migrants from China, Germany, The Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, Portugal arrived there, were they constructed roads, whereas Teófilo managed to pacify indigenous tribes in that region. After Teófilo’s death (he died of cancer), Filadélfia was renamed into Teófilo Otoni, now a city of almost 135 thousand inhabitants.

 

TEÓFILO OTONI (MG)
Roteiro de Minas – Teófilo Otoni	História de Teofilo Otoni MG

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1931
Birth of José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Brazilian Vice-President (2003-2010)

José Alencar Gomes da Silva was born on 17 ocober 1931 in Muriaé (MG). In 1967, José founded his textile conglomerate, Coteminas. In 1994, he was candidate for the governor seat of the state of Minas Gerais. Four years later, José won a senate seat. In 2003, he was appointed as vice-president, with Lula as president. Since 1997, José was battling against cancer; he underwent no less than 15 surgeries and a large number of treatments, but died three months after the end of his second term as vice-president, on 29 March 2011. The National Institute of Cancer is now renamed into Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva.

JOSÉ ALENCAR
José Alencar entra para a história como um grande nacionalista	Jô Soares entrevista o Vice-Presidente da República, José Alencar – Parte 1
Jô Soares entrevista o Vice-Presidente da República, José Alencar – Parte 2	Jô Soares entrevista o Vice-Presidente da República, José Alencar – Parte 3
Jô Soares entrevista o Vice-Presidente da República, José Alencar – Parte 4	Jô Soares entrevista o Vice-Presidente da República, José Alencar – Parte 5
Jô Soares entrevista o Vice-Presidente da República, José Alencar – Parte 6	Jô Soares entrevista o Vice-Presidente da República, José Alencar – Parte 7

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1983
Creation of indian reserve ‘Sete de Setembro’ in the municipalities of Cacoal (RO) and Aripuanã (MT).

The reserve counts 248 thousand hectares and hosts little more than 900 persons of the Surui (Paitér) indian tribes: Gamep, Gamir, Makor and Kaban. The indians live of hunting, fishing, collecting forest products, and agriculture. They had their first contact with whites on 7 Setember 1969; since then, their original number of 5000 was significantly decreased due to ravages of hunger, civilization, and chicken pox. The tribes are threatened by invasions of illegal loggers. Chief Almir Surui issued a plan to replant the forests.

 

SETE DE SETEMBRO
Plano 50 anos – Reflorestamento na Aldeia dos Povos Suruís	Global Greens 2008 – Almir Surui (Rondonia, Brasil)
Jornal Nacional – JN no Ar – Cacoal RO 23/09/2010	Cachoeira de Aripuanã

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (289): October 16

Brazilian Days 289

October 16

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DAY OF:

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Dia Mundial da Alimentação

(World Food Day). This day (foundation day of the FAO, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, in 1945) was introduced in 1979. On this day there is special attention to fight chronic shortages in the world. Even now, about one billion people lack sufficient food supplies. Recently (2012), there is alarming news about imminent food shortages worldwide, since harvests worldwide suffer extreme weather conditions. Every year another theme is introduced.

Theme for 2011:

Food prices – from crisis to stability

Theme for 2012:

Agricultural cooperatives – key to feeding the world

   

WORLD FOOD DAY
World Food Day	WORLD FOOD DAY 2011 Video
World hunger – A Billion for a Billion	World Food Day 2012

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Dia Internacional do Pão

(World Bread Day). Since 2005, World Bread Day is introduced by the International Union of Bakers and Bakers-Confectioners. More recently, blogging events are organized, whereas bloggers describe how they make bread.

BREAD
Pão Francês	Globo repórter – Pão mais saudável do Brasil – Camila Batista da Silva
the Magic of Making Bread part 1	the Magic of Making Bread part 2
Moroccan Bread, Traditional way of making bread	Making Italian Bread

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Dia do Médico Anestesiologista ou Anestesista

(Anesthetist). The Anesthetist’s Day commemorates the day on which the first surgical intervention with general anesthesia took place, in 1846. On that day, at 10 am, surgeon John Collins Warren managed to cut out a neck tumor from a 17-year old boy, Gilbert Abbot, in Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. The patient was anesthetized with ether, as performed by dentist William Thomas Green Morton, who had invented an inhalator for this. In Brazil, anesthesiology is a medical specialization, which is recognized by the Associação Médica Brasileira (AMB), and Conselho Federal de Medicina (CFM). Anesthesiologists are registered at the Sociedade Brasileira de Anesthesiologia (SBA).

YouTube Channel SBA

 

ANESTHESIA
Anestesia geral.	NHD Documentary – The History of Anesthesia
Part 1 – Anesthesia – What is Anesthesia and How is it Done?	Part 2 – Anesthesia – Dr. Armand Rodriguez Interview
Part 3 – Anesthesia – Back to Medical School	Part 4 – Anesthesia – Actual Medical Procedure

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Dia do Instrutor de Auto-escola

(Driving instructor). This day has recently become an official day, by law (Lei 4,232), in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, but it is commemorated throughout Brazil. The driving instructor must be at least 21 years old, not having causes any violations of traffic regulations in the past two months, must have completed high school, a specific course for driving instructor, and first aid. The driving instructors are encouraged to teach their students defensive driving attitudes.

SER INSTRUTOR

É ENSINAR PARA A VIDA.
A RESPEITAR A SINALIZAÇÃO.
DAR PREFERÊNCIA AO PEDESTRE.
É TORCER QUE ELE PASSE NO EXAME,
SE ALEGRAR OU ENTRISTECER COM O RESULTADO…

É DESENVOLVER E CULTIVAR
TODOS OS DONS, A CALMA, A DEDICAÇÃO…
A PACIÊNCIA. É REALMENTE AMAR,
A PROFISSÃO, AO PRÓXIMO…
O TRÂNSITO.

SER INSTRUTOR…
É FAZER TUDO POR UM TRÂNSITO MELHOR.
CULTIVANDO A PAZ!!!!
SOMOS MUITO MAIS QUE INSTRUTORES…
SOMOS EDUCADORES.
O EXEMPLO A SER SEGUIDO;

 

DRIVING INSTRUCTOR
Reportagem – Série Emprego Instrutor de Auto Escola	Instrutor de auto escola para Surdos com Intérprete de LIbras
Video Aula 1ª parte (AUTO ESCOLA MINAS GERAIS)	Video Aula 2ª parte (AUTO ESCOLA MINAS GERAIS)
Placas de Trânsito – Sinalização de Regulamentaçao	Placas de Trânsito – Sinalização de Advertência
Placas de Trânsito – Sinalização de Indicação	Instrutor de auto-escola mostra o jeito mais fácil de estacionar

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1987
Inauguration of Ecomuseu in Foz do Iguaçu (PR)

A few years earlier, Sete Quedas Park, located at the Paraguayan-Brazilian border, was inundated in order to create a vast lake for the generation of hydro-electric power at the Itaipu power station, one of the largest hydro-electric power stations in the world. A memorial for the lost park was created in the Ecomuseu, which also hosts interesting exhibitions of the local flora and fauna, and a memorial with photos of all 4500 construction workers who participated in the construction of the power station. A scale-model shows the area of the border region of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay.

 

ECOMUSEU
Ecomuseu de Itaipu e Museu Bertoni	Memória das Cataratas
Documentário Projeto Memória das Cataratas parte 1	Documentário Projeto Memória das Cataratas parte 2

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1920
Death of musician and composer Alberto Nepomuceno (1864-1920)

More about Alberto Nepomuceno is found here (6 July).

ALBERTO NEPOMUCENO
Alberto Nepomuceno	1 de 3 – Perfil – Alberto Nepomuceno – Vida, música e nacionalismo
2 de 3 – Perfil – Alberto Nepomuceno – Vida, música e nacionalismo	3 de 3 – Perfil – Alberto Nepomuceno – Vida, música e nacionalismo

By. Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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Brazilian Days (288): October 15

Brazilian Days 288

October 15

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DAY OF:

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Dia do Professor

(Teacher). At present, Almost all Brazilian children attend school, but the quality of primary and secondary education is far from adequate.  Recently, the Brazilian government had decided to spend ten percent of its budget to education. The origin of the date dates back to 1827, when Dom Pedro I issued a decree about education. Only 120 years later, in 1947, this date was introduced to pay more attention to teachers. Coincidentally, 15 October is also the fest day of Saint Teresa d´Ávila, a Spanish mystic, who was appointed as Doctor of the Church in the past century.

 

“O professor medíocre conta.
O bom professor explica.
O professor superior demonstra.
O grande professor inspira.”
(Cimar Correa)

TEACHER
Dia dos Professores – uma homenagem	O Dia do Professor (El día del profesor)
Discurso Dilma no Dia do Professor (15 de outubro) – Parte 1	Discurso Dilma no Dia do Professor (15 de outubro) – Parte 2
Discurso Dilma no Dia do Professor (15 de outubro) – Parte 3	Discurso Dilma no Dia do Professor (15 de outubro) – Parte 4

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Dia da Educação Nacional

(Brazilian Education). There is not only attention for the teachers, but also for Brazilian education in general.

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BRAZILIAN EDUCATION
REPORTAGEM DA SÉRIE ESPECIAL DIA DO PROFESSOR – EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL	REPORTAGEM DA SÉRIE ESPECIAL DIA DO PROFESSOR – ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
REPORTAGEM DA SÉRIE ESPECIAL DIA DO PROFESSOR – ENSINO MÉDIO	REPORTAGEM DA SÉRIE ESPECIAL DIA DO PROFESSOR – ENSINO SUPERIOR

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Dia do Educador Ambiental

(Environmental educator). Coincidence or not, the day of Environmental Educator coincides with the day of the Teacher. According to a law (Lei N° 9.795), introduced in 1999, there should be environmental education at every educational level.

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ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
Dicas de educador ambiental no site do G1 (03-12-2009)	Forno Solar
Meio Ambiente por Inteiro – Educação ambiental (14/04/12)	Meio Ambiente – Educação e Consciência Ambiental

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Dia do Caçador

(Hunter)

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Dia Mundial de Lavar as Mãos

(Global Handwashing Day). The day was originally created for children and schools, but now over 200 million people in more than 100 countries are involved in celebrations by governments, institutions, NGO’s, companies, and individuals. Handwashing with soap is the most effective way in the fight against diarrhea and acute respiratory infections, and therefore a potential life-saving ritual.

 

HANDWASHING
Global Handwashing Day Theme Video	UNICEF: The Wiggles say, “Wash your hands!”

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Dia do Calendário

(Calendar). On 15 October 1582, the Gregorian Calendar was introduced. Ten days were omitted, thereby correcting the previous, Julian, Calendar. The introduction of the new calendar happened at various dates in a number of countries, throughout the centuries. As a Portuguese colony, Brazil immediately introduced the new calendar, whereas in The Netherlands, for example, the introduction happened much later.

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CALENDAR
Teach Astronomy – Julian Calendar	History of Gregorian Calendar

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Dia do Juiz de Casamento

(Wedding Officiant). Juiz de Casamento is also known as Juiz de Paz. The judge is responsible for the accomplishment of legal marriages. The legal marriages may take place in court, but also at any location, as far as it occurs between sunrise and sunset, and that the ceremony should be a public ceremony.

^source

JUIZ DE CASAMENTO
REPÓRTER JUSTIÇA, CASAMENTO CIVIL E O JUIZ DE PAZ (1)	REPÓRTER JUSTIÇA, CASAMENTO CIVIL E O JUIZ DE PAZ (2)
REPÓRTER JUSTIÇA, CASAMENTO CIVIL E O JUIZ DE PAZ (3)	JUIZ DE PAZ E O CASAMENTO EM CARTÓRIO DE REGISTRO CIVIL.
Juiz de Casamento – Eneas Rachid de Góes	Greece: Hussaini

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Dia Mundial da Bengala Branca

(International Day of the White Cane). In 1964, the ‘White Cane Safety Day‘ was introduced, as an initiative of the American National Federation of the Blind. The white cane was ‘invented’ by James Biggs (United Kingdom), in 1921. Only ten years later, campaigns were held in France and the United Kingdom for the introduction of the white cane (by Lion’s club, amongst others). Not only of the safety of the blind people, but also as symbol of their independence. 

^source

WHITE CANE
Dia Bengala Branca 15 Outubro 2008	International White Cane Day 2010
White Cane Safety Day 2011	Blind White Cane Rap

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1864
Wedding of Brazilian imperial princess Isabel (1846-1921) and French count Gaston (Gastão) d´Eu (1842-1922).
It was Isabel, who selected her husband. She married the French count at the age of 18. The couple got four children, of which one died prematurely. On 17 November 1889, the Imperial Family was forced to leave Brazil and continued to live in France.

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Isabel and Gaston, and
their grandchildren

PRINCESA ISABEL
Princesa Isabel (1/2) – De Lá Pra Cá	Princesa Isabel (2/2) – De Lá Pra Cá

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1827
Foundation of the (Brazilian) National Observatory.

In 1827, emperor Pedro I issued a decree, which created the  Imperial Observatory in Rio de Janeiro. It was not the first Brazilian observatory, since the Jesuits had opened their observatory in Morro de Castelo (also in Rio de Janeiro) in 1730. The actual observatory is still located in bairro São Cristovão, Rio de Janeiro.

YouTube Channel Observatório Nacional

 

 
The national observatory

OBSERVATÓRIO NACIONAL
Observatório Nacional – Historical Facts	Vídeo Institucional do Observatório Nacional

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1975
World record triple jump by João Carlos de Oliveira, better known as João de Pulo.

The world record – 17,89 m – established during the Pan American Games in Mexico City, was maintained for no less than ten years. In addition to the gold medal gained with triple jump, João also won the gold medal with long jump, with a distance of 8.19 meters. João died at the age of 45, due to liver cirrhosis and infection.

 ^source

JOÃO DE PULO
João Carlos de Oliveira – Triple Jump (17.89) WR	VOCÊ SABIA? – JOÃO DO PULO

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1978
Election of general João Baptista Figuereido as successor of president Geisel.

The election occurred at the Brazilian Congress. Figueiredo received 355 votes, against 266 for his direct opponent, general Euler Bentes.  Figueiredo was installed as president on 15 March 1979; it became the start of the transition from the military dictatorship to democracy. On 15 March 1985, Figueiredo stepped down, making an end to 21 years of military dictatorship. Tancredo Neves was about to succeed him, but he became seriously ill prior to his installation. He was succeeded by José Sarney on 15 March.

 

JOÃO FIGUEIREDO
Posse do Presidente João Baptista Figueiredo (1979)	João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo

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1983
Second world title Formula One for Nelson Piquet .

Nelson Piquet Soto Maior finished third at the South African circuit of Kyalami. It was enough to surpass leader Alain Prost, who had to abandon the race. For Piquet, it was his second world title (he won his first in 1981), and we would win his third in 1991.

^source

NELSON PIQUET
Nelson Piquet F1 World Champion 1983	NELSON PIQUET 1983 P2

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1875
Birth of Pedro, first son of princess Isabel and prince Luís Gastão (1875-1940).

His full name was Dom Pedro de Alcântara Luís Filipe Maria Gastão Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga de Orléans e Bragança. After Dona Isabel, he was the second in the line of succession. In 1889, the Imperial Family was forced to leave Brazil, and arrived in France. In 1908, Dom Pedro voluntarily renounced his claims to the Brazilian Imperial Throne, and his younger brother Luís would then become his successor as heir apparent. Children of the two brothers disputed among themselves who would be the true heir, since the document announcing the voluntarily abdication probably is not legal.

 

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2002
Birth of a two-headed baby in Minas Gerais.

In Ataléia, at more than 500 km from Belo Horizonte, a fourteen year old girl gave birth to a son. This baby had one heart, two lungs, and two heads, who were linked with the body by two spinal cords. The baby died two days later.

2-HEADED BABY
Menino de 2 cabeças Ataleia MG- Children of 2 heads

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

.

Brazilian Days (287): October 14

Brazilian Days 287

October 14

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DAY OF:

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Dia Nacional da Pecuária

(Cattle breeding). The word ‘pecuaria’ is derived from the Latin word ‘pecus’, cattle. Brazil is one of the largest cattle breeders in the world. Since 2008, Brazil is the largest beef exporter in the world; it is expected that the Brazilian share in the world beef exports will be 44.5 percent in 2020.  Meat production is mainly concentrated in Southern Brazil, and dairy production is mainly found in the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo.

   

  

PECUÁRIA
Série “Agropecuária sustentável e bioenergia rural” – Globo Rural – TV Globo	“Pecuária Sustentável” – Canal Rural – Bom Dia Campo
Técnica Rural – Pecuária de Corte – Confinamento – Parte 1	Técnica Rural – Pecuária de Corte – Confinamento – Parte 2
Brasil: Pecuária e Meio Ambiente	Pecuária leiteira

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BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

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1835
First steamboat ferry service between Rio de Janeiro and Niterói.

This ferry service was carried out by Companhia de Navegação de Nictheroy. Another source mentions the date of 28 April as the start date of the first Brazilian steamboat ferry service, carried out by Sociedade Navegação de Nictheroy, The ferry service was carried out hourly, with three steamboats. The travel time on the Guanabara Bay was shortened from one hour to thirty minutes.

 ^source

FERRY RIO – NITERÓI
Barcas S/A – Travessia Rio/Niterói	VIDEO BARCAS NITERÓI & RIO DE JANEIRO E BAÍA DE GUANABARA

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1987
President José Sarney visited the 20 victims of the Cesium-137 radioactive contamination

The president visited them in ‘Hospital do Inamps’ in Goiâna,capital of the state of Goiás. In September 1987, a cylinder that contained radioactive cesium was ‘found’ by shot iron collectors. They were not aware of the risks, and suffered long-time exposure to radioactive radiation. See 13 September for the complete coverage. Four of the exposed died shortly after the incident. It was the second most severe nuclear accident, after the Tchernobyl  accident, that ever had occurred.

 

 

CESIUM-137
Césio 137 – Linha Direta (parte 1 de 4)	Césio 137 – Linha Direta (parte 2 de 4)
Césio 137 – Linha Direta (parte 3 de 4)	Césio 137 – Linha Direta (parte 4 de 4)

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1988
President José Sarney departed for an official visit to Russia.

Sarney was the first Brazilian head of state who visited Russia, the Soviet Union at that time.

 

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1969
Introduction of Ato Institucional 16.

According to this decree, the positions of President and Vice-President were declared to be vacant. It was also announced that new, indirect elections should be organized. The mandate should then end on 15 March 1974. In addition, the mandates for Congress and Senate were prolonged. Emilio Medici and Augusto Rademaker were appointed for the positions of President and Vice-President.

 

GENERAL MÉDICI
Posse do Presidente Emílio Garrastazu Médici (1969)	Regime Militar – Posse do General Emílio Garrastazu Médici
Emílio Garrastazu Médici – Historia	Governo Medici Ditadura Militar Equipe Fogo
Ditadura Militar governo Médici

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1999
Launch of the Chinese-Brazilian satellite CBERS-1.

The rocket was launched from Taiyuan, China. The rocket contained the satellite that contained camera´s with various resolutions that were about to scan the earth’s surface for environmental research. CBERS stands for China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite. The initiative was started in 1984. The second launch (CBERS-2) was in 2003, and CBERS-2B in 2007. The CBERS-3 and CBERS-4 are expected to be launched in 2012 and 2014, respectively, and CBERS-4B in 2016.

 

CBERS
Programa CBERS	Programa CBERS de Satélites – Lengendado en Español – Reportaje
Os satélites Cbers	INPE – Cbers

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

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