Inside Brazil

Brazilian Days 138

May 18

.

DAY OF:

Dia Internacional dos Museus
(International Museum Day). The International Council of Museums (ICOM) established International Museum Day in 1977 to encourage public awareness of the role of museums in the development of society.

“Museums are an important means of cultural exchange, enrichment of cultures and development of mutual understanding, cooperation and peace among peoples”.

Theme for 2013:
“Museums (Memory + Creativity) = Social Change”

General themes:

Informal education structures. Museums educate in a recreational way; they are places of initiation without obligation that foster knowledge through continually renewed means.

A social space rooted in its territory. Museums play a role in the identity and dynamism of their territory. Through their action, they contribute to promote the past of their territory and build its future.

An intergenerational link. Museums keep the relationship between a community and its history alive. They are spaces for dialogue between generations.

Displaying heritage in a modern way. Museums have quickly been able to seize the communication and mediation opportunities offered by new media and have broken away from the old-fashion image they once had.

Innovative practices for a better conservation. Conservation devices are improving and the museum is becoming a real laboratory where work techniques continue to evolve.

BRAZILIAN MUSEUMS

História dos Museus	Ibram realiza atividades diversificadas para celebrar o Dia Internacional dos Museus

Dia das Raças Indígenas da América
(Day of Indigenous American Races) On this day, attention is paid to the indigenous people on the American continent. Brazilian Indian tribes are among others: Kuikuro, Tupi (Asurini, Guarani, Araweté), Kayapó, Panará, Krahô, Xerente, Xavante, Kaingang, Timbira, Bororo, Kayabi, Terena, Desana, Tupinambá, Kaxinawa, Tukano, Yanomami, Trumai, Andirá, Tapajós, Kaapor, Tiryó, Wanana, Karipuna, Omaguá.

Dia do Vidraceiro/ Dia do Vidreiro
(Glazier). There is another ‘Dia do Vidreiro’ on 10 August.

Dia Nacional do Combate à Exploração Sexual das Crianças e dos Adolescentes
(Combat against Sexual Abuse of Children and Adolescents)

Dia Nacional do Petroquímico
(Petrochemical Engineer).

Dia Nacional da Luta Antimanicomial
(Combat against Mental Diseases). Attention is paid to tens of thousands of people with mental diseaes in Brazil who are forced to remain in closed establishments.

COMBAT AGAINST MENTAL DISEASES

18 de Maio dia Nacional da LUTA ANTIMANICOMIAL	Dia 18 de Maio – O dia da luta antimanicomial

Ver TV – Luta Antimanicomial na TV (parte 01)	Ver TV – Luta Antimanicomial na TV (parte 02)

Dia da Girafa
(Giraffe!).

BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

1999
Death of writer and playwright Alfredo Dias Gomes

1987
Death of painter Jorge Guinle Filho

1980
Foundation of Partido Democrático Trabalhista (PDT; Democratic Workers’ Party) by Leonel Brizola.

1930
‘Graf Zeppelin’ airship departed to Brazil

1961
Cockfights prohibited by President Jânio Quadros

1994
Murder of Machiki Suzukawa, Japanese consul in Belém (PA)

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
.

.

DAY OF:

Dia Internacional das (Tele)comunicações
(World Telecommunication and Information Society Day). In 1969, the day was established by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), which is linked to the United Nations. The day commemorates the creation of the ITU, on 17 May 1865. In 2006, the day was renamed into World Telecommunication and Information Society Day, thanks to the introduction of digital communication.

Dia Mundial da Internet
(World Internet Day).

Dia Mundial da Sociedade da Informação
(World Information Society Day).

BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

1984
Death of Brazilian actress Elza Gomes (1910-1984)
Elza was born in Lisbon, but moved in her childhood to Brazil. She participated in more than 400 theater pieces and also was seen in many television series.

1932
Introduction of decreto-lei (decree-law) which allowed two months of maternity leave.

1842
Start of the 1842 Liberals’ Revolution in Sorocaba – SP
The young emperor Dom Pedro II (only 17 years old!) approved the dissolution of the Chamber of Deputies, which ignited the Revolt in the city of Sorocaba (SP). The city was proclaimed the new, provisional capital of the province of São Paulo, with Brigadeiro Tobias de Aguiar as interim president, and Padre Feijó as vice-president. They had the intention to attack the city of São Paulo, the province’s capital. The Imperial Government reacted quickly. Barão de Caxias (better known with his title Duque de Caxias) was sent with a carte blanche to pacify São Paulo. Soon, the revolutionaries, who outnumbered Caxias’ Expedition Force, were isolated,and cut off from eventual help from the provinces of Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, and Rio de Janeiro. Tobias fled to the south, when Caxias took the city of Sorocaba. Padre Feijo was captured. Caxias then pacified Minas Gerais, where Teófilo Otoni was leading the revolutionaries.

1960
Cultural agreement between Brazil and Syria

1992
Murder of the governor of Acre, Edmundo Pinto de Almeida Neto.
Edmundo Pinto, born in Ceará, was 38 when he was found dead in his hotel room. This case remains unsolved, despite the reopening of it in 2003. According to the police, he might have been murdered for political reasons, or he might have died in an armed assault. His death occurred 2 days before he had to testify for corruption with public construction fundings.

EDMUNDO PINTO

Gov. Edmundo Pinto	Gov. Edmundo Pinto-Parte-1

Gov. Edmundo Pinto-Parte-2	Gov. Edmundo Pinto-Parte-3

2002
Mormon Church inaugurated the largest Mormon temple of Latin America in Campinas – SP

TEMPLO MORMON CAMPINAS

Campinas Temple	Campinas Brazil LDS (Mormon) Temple – Mormons

2007
Polícia Federal started Operação Navalha
The operation revealed large-scale corruption with public works that were financed by the Federal Government. The police arrested 47 people, among them were mayors, politicians, and relatives of politicians

OPERATION ‘NAVALHA’

Operação Navalha – Fantástico 1	Operação Navalha – Fantástico 2

Operação Navalha – Fantástico 3	Operação Navalha – Fantástico 4

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
.

Brazilian Days 136

May 16

.

DAY OF:

Dia do Faxineiro
(Cleaner).

Dia do Gari
(Street-sweeper/ garbage collector). The word ‘gari’ originated from the surname of a French engineer: Aleixo Gary. He was asked to introduce a new system of city cleaning. In 1895, he established street-sweeper as a profession, with the task to sweep the streets and keep them clean. In that time, these street-sweepers wore shirts with the name of the engineer. The French name has become associated with street-sweepers, and with garbage collectors. Might someone get the impression that the professions of street-sweeper and garbage collector are far from popular: in recent years, more than 400 candidates per job position of GARI were registered. For both men and women, they need to meet the same standards of length and weight. Men and women work together; also women do the heavy tasks. Garis receive respect and attention of local residents.

GARI

Dia 16 de maio: Dia do Gari. Esses são radicais.	A historia do gari

Matéria especial: Vida de Gari, vida de atleta.	Repórter passa um dia como gari

Programa Arte de viver – Coletores de lixo (MEIO AMBIENTE) – artedeviver.com	Coletor de lixo – Gari – Ranimiro Lotufo

BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

1999
Death of actor and director Luiz Armando Queiroz

1818
Day of the first group of directed colonization in Nova Friburgo (RJ), by Germans invited by king D. João VI

1964
Antonio Carlos Jobim traveled to New York

1969
Ato Institucional nº 10

1975
Brasil became the 19th nation that signed the Treaty of Antarctica

2002
Coronel Mário Colares Pantoja (responsible for the massacre of Eldorado do Carajás) condemned to 228 years in prison.

2005
Petrobras surpassed 1,8 million barrels of Brazilian oil produced per day

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
.

Brazilian Days 135

May 15

.

DAY OF:

Dia Internacional da Família
(International Family Day). This day was introduced by the United Nations in 1993. The day reflects the importance the international community attaches to families.

Theme for 2013:
Advancing Social Integration and Intergenerational Solidarity

Dia Internacional dos Objetores de Consciência
(International Conscientious Objectors Day). The day was a consensus for the European COs (Conscientious Objectors organizations) and was introduced in 1982. Since 1986, the day is celebrated as an international day. At the height of the First World War, about 16 thousand British men refused to kill human beings. They suffered severe human rights abuses for their beliefs. In London each year a brief ceremony is held at the Commemorative Stone, during which the names of representative people who ‘maintained the right to refuse to kill’ are read out and white flower was laid on the Stone for each of the 50 people remembered.

Dia do Professor Aposentado
(Retired Teacher). The National Day of Retired is on 24 January.

A educação pela pedra

Uma educação pela pedra: por lições;
para aprender da pedra, frequentá-la;
captar sua voz inenfática, impessoal
(pela de dicção ela começa as aulas).
A lição de moral, sua resistência fria
ao que flui e a fluir, a ser maleada;
a de poética, sua carnadura concreta;
a de economia, seu adensar-se compacta:
lições da pedra (de fora para dentro,
cartilha muda), para quem soletrá-la.

(João Cabral de Melo Neto)

Dia da Assistência Social/ Dia do Assistente Social
(Social Assistance). On 15 May 1891, Pope Leo XIII wrote his Papal Encyclical: ‘Rerum Novarum’ (‘Rights and Duties of Capital and Labor’), in which were outlined the directions of the Social Doctrine in the Catholic Church. It was the first time that a pope wrote about social problems. In 1936, Serviço Social was created in Brazil, which was inspired upon another Encyclical, by Pope Pius XI: ‘Quadragesimo Anno’ (40th Year), commemorating the Rerum Novarum. In 1937, the Conselho Nacional de Serviço Nacional (National Council of Social Service) was created. In 1991, Pope John Paul II wrote his Encyclical to commemorate the centenary of the Rerum Novarum: ‘ Centesimus Annus’ (100th Year). The three papal writings indicate the awareness of the Church about social problems.

SOCIAL ASSISTANCE

Rerum Novarum 1 – Rights and Duties of Capital and Labor – (Full Reading) – Part 1 of 3	Rerum Novarum 1 – Rights and Duties of Capital and Labor – (Full Reading) – Part 2 of 3

Rerum Novarum 1 – Rights and Duties of Capital and Labor – (Full Reading) – Part 3 of 3	Centesimus Annus, a foundation to bring justice to the worlds economy

15 de maio: Dia do Assistente Social	Dia do Assistente Social

Dia do Gerente Bancário
(Banking Manager). The day was introduced on 26 May 2010, as proposed by Deputy Ozair José, to honor the responsibility and the value of this profession.

Dia Nacional de Controle da Infecção Hospitalar
(Control of Hospital Infections). On 15 May 1999, this day was introduced by the Brazilian Health Department, in order to increase the awareness of hospital infections and to honor the professionals dealing with these infections. On 15 May 1847, Hungarian physician Ignaz Semmelweiss introduced the directive for medical professionals to wash hands before entering hospital wards.

BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

1895
French attempt to occupy Amapá.
The territory of Amapá was disputed between Brazil and France. Francisco Xavier da Veiga Cabral, nicknamed Cabralzinho, was commander of the Territorial Army in the village of Amapá. He captured the leader of a French negotiation mission. The capture resulted in the order, issued by the Governor of Cayenne (French Guyana), to capture Cabralzinho. French marines, commanded by Lunier, invaded Amapá, massacred dozens of locals, and encircled Cabralzinho’s house. He managed to break through, to take Luniers weapon and to kill Lunier. The death of the commander left the marines disorganized; they were defeated by the locals, who were furious by the news of the massacre. Only five years later, judged by Swiss president Walter Hauser, Amapá officially became Brazilian.

Contestado

1959
Golden Palm for Brazilian movie “Orfeu Negro” at the festival in Cannes

ORFEU NEGRO

Orfeu Negro 1959 Completo	Filme Orfeu 1999 Completo ( Cinema Nacional )

1970
The Brazilian currency Cruzeiro Novo renamed in Cruzeiro again.
Resolution nº 144, dated 03.31.1970 (D.O.U. ,04. 06.70), issued by the National Monetary Council, re-established the “CRUZEIRO”, effective as of 05.15.1970, while maintaining the “centavo”.

1882
Treaty between Brazil and Bolivia about the construction of the railway Madeira-Mamoré.

1945
Foundation of Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro (PTB; Brazilian Worker’s Party)

PTB

PTB – Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro	TV 14 – Memória PTB

1964
Leonel Brizola fled to Uruguay

1966
Death of Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes, president of Brazil (1914-1918)

VENCESLAU BRÁS

Governo Wenceslau Braz (1914-1918)	UM TOUR NA CASA DO PRESIDENTE DO BRASIL WENCESLAU BRAZ EM ITAJUBÁ

1978
Vandal destroyed the image of Nossa Senhora Aparecida
Two months later, the image was restored.

1995
Arrival of the first Beefmaster cattle.
These pure-bloods were imported from Texas.

2004
Death of Brazilian photographer Cláudio Portioli

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
.

Brazilian Days 134

May 14

.

DAY OF:

Dia Continental do Seguro / Dia do Segurado / Dia do Segurador
(Pan American Day of Insurances). The day commemorates the opening of the First Hemispheric Insurance Conference in New York City, in 1946. The day was established in 1948, at a top meeting in Mexico.

Dia da Esquadrilha da Fumaça
(Aerobatics). On 14 May 1952 was the first aerobatic show of the Smoke Squadron of the Brazilian Air Force. The Squadron has a worldwide reputation and already has performed more than 300 aerobatic shows.

YouTube Channel Esquadrilha da Fumaça FAB

ESQUADRILHA DA FUMAÇA FAB

Vídeo Oficial da Esquadrilha da Fumaça	Esquadrilha da Fumaça – um dos melhores vídeos

2010 Boston Portsmouth Airshow – Esquadrilha da Fumaça (Part 1)	2010 Boston Portsmouth Airshow – Esquadrilha da Fumaça (Part 2)

BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

1952
The Esquadrão de Demonstração Aérea Brasileiro (Aerobatic Brazilian Squadron), better known as Esquadrilha da Fumaça, performed its first official show.

ESQUADRILHA DA FUMAÇA

Esquadrilha da Fumaça – FAB – Historia desde de 1952	Esquadrilha da Fumaça 60 Anos – Esquadrilha da Fumaça (Completo), 13-05

2003
Petrobrás announced the discovery of petroleum near the coast of Espíritio Santo.

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015

.

Brazilian Days (133): May 13

Posted by adrianoantoine on May 13, 2019

Posted in: Brazil, Calendar, Culture, History. Tagged: Atlantic Ocean, Automobile, Botocudo, Brasil, Brazil, calendar, Carolina Josefa Leopoldina, Corpo da Guarda Real da Polícia da Corte, Criciúma Esporte, culture, D. João VI, D. Pedro I, Defensor Perpétuo do Brasil, Dia da Abolição da Escravatura, Dia da Fraternidade Brasileira, Dia da Polícia Militar, Dia do Automóvel, Dia do Preto Velho, Dia do Vigilante, Dia do Zootecnista, Dia Nacional de Luta contra a Discriminação Racial, Esporte Clube Vitória, florianopolis, Hino Constitucional, history, Imprensa Régia, Jean Mermoz, Lei Áurea, May, Natal, Ponte Hercílio Luz, Raimundo Correia, sao paulo, Sport Club do Recife, TV Bandeirantes, Universidade para Todos, Zootechnician. Leave a comment

Brazilian Days 133

May 13

.

DAY OF:

Dia do Automóvel
(Automobile). The first automobile appeared in 1771, when Frenchman Joseph Cugnot introduced a three-wheeled, steam-driven vehicle, In 1889, Germans Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler introduced the first gasoline-driven car. The first car in Brazil arrived in 1893 in São Paulo. Four years later, the first car was to be seen in Rio de Janeiro. In 1934, the ‘Dia do Automóvel was introduced by president Getúlio Vargas. The choice for 13 May as the date remains unclear, but on 13 May 1926 the first paved highway (with concrete) in Brazil was inaugurated: between Rio de Janeiro and Petrópolis. In 1956, president Kubischek opened possibilities for car manufacturing in Brazil. On 13 May 1958, the first car completely produced in Brazil was introduced: the Belcar.

AUTOMOBILE IN BRAZIL

Como Nasceu o Primeiro Carro Brasileiro	A História Automobilística Brasileira 01

A História Automobilística Brasileira 02	A História Automobilística Brasileira 03

A História Automobilística Brasileira 04	A História Automobilística Brasileira 05

A História Automobilística Brasileira 06	A História Automobilística Brasileira 07

A História Automobilística Brasileira 08	A História Automobilística Brasileira 09

A História Automobilística Brasileira 10	A História Automobilística Brasileira 11

A História Automobilística Brasileira 12	A História Automobilística Brasileira 13

A História Automobilística Brasileira 14	A História Automobilística Brasileira 15

A História Automobilística Brasileira 16	A História Automobilística Brasileira 17

A História Automobilística Brasileira 18	A História Automobilística Brasileira 19

A História Automobilística Brasileira 20	A História Automobilística Brasileira 21

Dia do Zootecnista
(Zootechnician). This day honors the specialists of domestication, breeding, and improvement of various animal species. On 13 May 1966 was the first course for zootechnicians in Brazil. On 4 December 1968, Lei (law) 5550 regulated the profession.

Dia da Fraternidade Brasileira
(Brazilian fraternity)

Dia da Abolição da Escravatura
(Abolition of slavery in Brazil). On 13 May 1888, Imperial Princess Isabel (regent for her father Pedro II who was in Europe) signed the so-called “Lei Áurea”, which regulated the abolition of slavery in Brazil. Three years earlier, another law was introduced (Lei dos Sexagenários), which liberated slaves older than 60.

ABOLITION OF SLAVERY

13 de maio de 1888, Abolição da Escravatura – Especial TV Senado	DIA 13 DE MAIO — DIA DA ABOLIÇÃO DA ESCRAVATURA NO BRASIL

Lei Áurea Princesa Isabel sancionou a lei que pôs fim à escravidão História do Brasil	Consciência Negra é destaque no documentário “História da Resistência Negra no Brasil

Dia Nacional de Luta contra a Discriminação Racial
(Battle against Racial Discrimination) The World Day against Racial Discrimination is on 21 March.

Dia da Polícia Militar
(Military Police, RJ).

Dia do Vigilante
(Guard, RJ)

Dia do Preto Velho
(Black old man).

BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

1821
Prince Regent Pedro received the title Defensor Perpétuo do Brasil (‘Eternal Defender of Brazil)
The title was approved in a joint session of the Senate and Chamber of Deputies.

1767
Birth of D. João VI, King of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves

1860
Birth of Brazilian poet Raimundo Correia

1888
Signing of Lei Áurea, with which 600 thousand slaves were liberated.

1808
Creation of Imprensa Régia (Royal Press)

1809
Creation of Corpo da Guarda Real da Polícia da Corte (Royal Guards), now Polícia Militar do Distrito Federal

1905
Foundation of Sport Club do Recife

1899
Foundation of Esporte Clube Vitória

1948
Foundation of Criciúma Esporte Clube (SC)

1930
Arrival of French Pilot Jean Mermoz in Natal after having crossed the Atlantic Ocean in 21 hours 12 minutes.

JEAN MERMOZ

Les routes du ciel 1927-1939	La Piste du Dakar 1997, Jean Mermoz

1803
Abolition of the circulation of gold powder in the Brazilian capitanias

1808
Carta-régia declared war against Botocudo indigenous.

1817
Marriage of D. Pedro I with Carolina Josefa Leopoldina (daughter of emperor Francis I of Austria)
The marriage was in Vienna, in the absence of Dom Pedro. Eventually, she called herself Maria Leopoldina or Leopoldina.

1821
The Hino Constitucional (composed by D. Pedro I) sung for the first time

1926
Inauguration of Ponte Hercílio Luz in Florianópolis – SC

1967
Foundation of TV Bandeirantes

2004
Câmara dos Deputados (Chamber of Deputies) approved the Brazilian military mission in Haiti

2004
Launch of the program ‘Universidade para Todos‘

2006
More than 30 people murdered in São Paulo within 15 hours.

By Adriano Antoine Robbesom © 2007, 2015
.

Brazilian Days 132

May 12

.

DAY OF:

Dia Mundial do Enfermeiro(a)/ Enfermagem
(International Nurses Day). 12 May is the birthday of legendary nurse Florence Nightingale (1820-1910). In 1938, this day was introduced per decree by president Getúlio Vargas. Almost two decades later, president Kubitschek introduced the Week of the Nurses, which is also to honor Brazilian nurse Ana Néri, the first Brazilian woman who voluntarily was active at the battle fields.

Dia Mundial das Aves Migratórias
(World Migratory Birds Day). This UN-day was initiated in 2006, in order to raise awareness for the need of protection of more than fifty billion migratory birds and their habitats.

YouTube Channel WMBD Campaign

Theme for 2013:

“Networking for Migratory Birds”

MIGRATORY BIRDS

WMBD Trailer – “How it all began”	Bird Migration: Research & Conservation

World Migratory Bird Day 2013 – “Networking for migratory birds”	Día mundial de las aves migratorias 2013 – “Creando redes para conservar las aves migratorias”

Dia das Comunicações Sociais
(Social Communications). This day, institutionalized by The Vatican, is celebrated of the Sunday of the Ascension of Jesus Christ. The day was introduced on 12 May 1967. On 24 January (feast day of St Francis de Sales, patron saint of social communications), a papal message is published about social communications.

“Social Networks: portals of truth and faith; new spaces for evangelization.”

BRAZILIAN HISTORY:

1740
Birth of Escrava (slave) Anastácia.
She was a daughter of a slave (probably of a Bantu tribe) and a slave owner. Blue-eyed Anastácia was very beautiful and caught attention of slave owner’s son. She refused any approximation and was severely punished for that. She was forced to wear a face mask, that covered her mouth. She was only allowed to have the mask removed when she had to eat. Many years later, she died in agony. She was buried in Igreja do Rosário, Rio de Janeiro.

ESCRAVA ANASTÁCIA

Escrava Anastácia – Parte 1	Escrava Anastácia – Parte 2

Escrava Anastácia – Parte 3	Escrava Anastácia – Parte 4

Escrava Anastácia – Parte 5	Escrava Anastácia – Parte 6

Escrava Anastácia – Parte 7	Escrava Anastácia – Parte 8

Escrava Anastácia – Parte 9	Escrava Anastácia – Parte 10

Escrava Anastácia – Parte 11	Escrava Anastácia – Parte 12

Escrava Anastácia – Parte 13	Escrava Anastácia – Parte 14